12/10/2015 Spinal Questions

Question 1

What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2?

Answer 1

Membrana tectoria

Question 2

What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2?

Answer 2

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 3

What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2?

Answer 3

The superior articular process

Question 4

What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2?

Answer 4

On the lamina-pedicle junction

Question 5

What attaches to the lamina of C2?

Answer 5

Obliquus capitis inferior muscle, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum

Question 6

What muscle attaches to the lamina of C2?

Answer 6

Obliquus capitis inferior

Question 7

What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2?

Answer 7

BUL

Backward, upward, lateral

Question 8

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2?

Answer 8

FoLD

Forward, lateral, down

Question 9

What muscle attaches to the articular processes of C2?

Answer 9

Longissimus cervicis

Question 10

What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2?

Answer 10

Costal element, posterior tubercle, and true transverse process

Question 11

What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2?

Answer 11

Males: 57 mm
Females: about 50mm

Question 12

What muscles attache to the transverse process of C2?

Answer 12

Levator scapulae, middle scalene, splenius cervicis, longissimus cervicis, and intertransversarii

Question 13

What is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process in humans?

Answer 13

Bifid

Question 14

What muscles attache to the spinous process of C2?

Answer 14

Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior, spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis muscles

Question 15

What names may be given to C7?

Answer 15

Vertebra prominens and vertebral prominence

Question 16

What is the name given to the topographical elevation observed at the base of the neck?

Answer 16

Vertebral prominence

Question 17

What name is given only to C7?

Answer 17

Vertebra prominens

Question 18

What is the segment and gender bias for the vertebrae other than C7 becoming the vertebral prominence?

Answer 18

C6 is more common in females and T1 is more common in males

Question 19

What joint surfaces are present at the superior margin of the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 19

Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes, cancellous bone

Question 20

What joint surfaces are present at the inferior margin of the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 20

The anterior and posterior margins of the inferior epiphyseal rim, cancellous bone

Question 21

How many joint classifications are observed at the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 21

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) joint

Question 22

How many synovial joint surfaces are observed at the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 22

Two

Question 23

What muscle(s) attaches to the vertebral body of C7?

Answer 23

Longus colli muscle

Question 24

What features are typically present in the transverse foramen of C7?

Answer 24

Vertebral venous plexus, postganglioinic sympathetic motor fibers

Question 25

What muscles attach to the transverse process of C7?

Answer 25

Middle scalene, Iliocostalis thoracis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, rotators, intertransversarii and levator costarum brevis

Question 26

What ligaments will attach posteriorly, to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2?

Answer 26

Membrana tectoria and posterior longitudinal ligament