12/10/2015 Spinal Questions Flashcards
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2?
Membrana tectoria
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2?
The superior articular process
What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2?
On the lamina-pedicle junction
What attaches to the lamina of C2?
Obliquus capitis inferior muscle, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum
What muscle attaches to the lamina of C2?
Obliquus capitis inferior
What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2?
BUL
Backward, upward, lateral
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2?
FoLD
Forward, lateral, down
What muscle attaches to the articular processes of C2?
Longissimus cervicis
What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2?
Costal element, posterior tubercle, and true transverse process
What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2?
Males: 57 mm
Females: about 50mm
What muscles attache to the transverse process of C2?
Levator scapulae, middle scalene, splenius cervicis, longissimus cervicis, and intertransversarii
What is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process in humans?
Bifid
What muscles attache to the spinous process of C2?
Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior, spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis muscles
What names may be given to C7?
Vertebra prominens and vertebral prominence
What is the name given to the topographical elevation observed at the base of the neck?
Vertebral prominence
What name is given only to C7?
Vertebra prominens
What is the segment and gender bias for the vertebrae other than C7 becoming the vertebral prominence?
C6 is more common in females and T1 is more common in males
What joint surfaces are present at the superior margin of the vertebral body of C7?
Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes, cancellous bone
What joint surfaces are present at the inferior margin of the vertebral body of C7?
The anterior and posterior margins of the inferior epiphyseal rim, cancellous bone
How many joint classifications are observed at the vertebral body of C7?
Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) joint
How many synovial joint surfaces are observed at the vertebral body of C7?
Two
What muscle(s) attaches to the vertebral body of C7?
Longus colli muscle
What features are typically present in the transverse foramen of C7?
Vertebral venous plexus, postganglioinic sympathetic motor fibers
What muscles attach to the transverse process of C7?
Middle scalene, Iliocostalis thoracis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, rotators, intertransversarii and levator costarum brevis
What ligaments will attach posteriorly, to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2?
Membrana tectoria and posterior longitudinal ligament
