1.17 Describe that in the periodic table: a) elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, in rows called periods and elements, Flashcards
What is a chemical symbol?
A one or two-letter abbreviation used to represent a chemical element.
What is atomic radius?
The distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost electron shell, typically decreasing across a period.
What is ionization energy?
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom, generally increasing across a period.
What is the Periodic Law?
The principle stating that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons and different atomic masses.
What is periodicity?
The repeating pattern of chemical and physical properties of elements in the periodic table.
What are periodic trends?
Patterns observed in the periodic table, such as electronegativity, ionization energy, and atomic radius.
What is reactivity?
The tendency of an element to undergo a chemical reaction, influenced by its position in the periodic table.
What are valence electrons?
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical behavior.
What are metals?
Elements characterized by good electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility.
What are nonmetals?
Elements that generally lack metallic properties and are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
What are metalloids?
Elements with properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals, often used in semiconductors.
What are lanthanides?
A series of 15 metallic elements from cerium to lutetium in the periodic table, known for their rare earth properties.
What are actinides?
A series of 15 elements from actinium to lawrencium, many of which are radioactive.
What is atomic mass?
The weighted average mass of an element’s isotopes, often found below the element symbol in the periodic table.
What are alkali metals?
Highly reactive metals found in group 1 of the periodic table.
What are noble gases?
Inert gases located in group 18 of the periodic table that rarely react with other elements.
What are lanthanides?
A series of 15 metallic elements from cerium to lutetium in the periodic table, known for their rare earth properties.
What are electron shells?
The regions surrounding the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found.
What are chemical properties?
The characteristics of a substance that determine how it reacts with other substances.
What are transition metals?
Elements located in the central block of the periodic table, known for their ability to form various oxidation states.
What are Groups/Families in the periodic table?
Vertical columns in the periodic table that group elements with similar chemical properties.
What is an Element?
A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom, defined by its atomic number.
What is the principle of Increasing Atomic Number?
The principle that elements are arranged sequentially based on their atomic numbers from left to right.
What is the Periodic Table?
A tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized by increasing atomic number.
What does the Atomic Number represent?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, determining the element’s identity.
What is a Period in the context of the Periodic Table?
A horizontal row in the periodic table indicating elements with the same number of electron shells.
