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M11 New > 11.5 > Flashcards

11.5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 classes of instruments

A

Flight

Engine

Navigation

Other

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2
Q

What are the 4 flight instruments

A

Altitude

Attitude

Airspeed

Direction of flight

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3
Q

What are the 4 parts of the basic T

A

Left - ASI

Middle - ADI

right - altimeter

Bottom - HSI

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4
Q

What is absolutel pressure

A

Compares atmospheric against zero

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5
Q

What is gauge pressure

A

It is the most common and the difference between atmospherics pressure and pressure measured

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6
Q

What is differential pressure

A

Comparison between two different pressures

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7
Q

What is a bellow

A

Multiple diaphragm changes connected

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8
Q

What material is the bourdon tube made of

A

Copper , brass or bronze

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9
Q

What is a aneroid capsule

A

Membrane or pressure sensitive capsules used

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10
Q

What happens in a aneroid capsule as atmospheric pressure changes

A

Higher atmospheric pressure will cause it to move more and vice versa

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11
Q

What are the two parts of a pressure transducer and what are the advantages

A

Made of indicator and transmitter unit

Advantage as it can measure hazardous fluids and it’s measured at source

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12
Q

What does a aneroid capsule transducer do

A

The capsules monitor two pressures

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13
Q

What happens in an aneroid capsule transducer when p1 px is more than p2

A

The iron core makes s1 the predominant coil

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14
Q

Two types of strain gauges

A

Foil and silicon

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15
Q

What does a strain gauge do

A

Convert mechanical strains into electrical output

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16
Q

What part measures total pressure

A

Pitot probe

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17
Q

What part measures static pressure

A

Static ports

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18
Q

What’s instruments use static pressure

A

Altimeter
ASI
VSI

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19
Q

Where are static ports located

A

Foward aircraft fuselage or pitot tube

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20
Q

What is static source error

A

Difference between measured and real static pressure

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21
Q

Where are pitot tubes located

A

Forward part of fuselage

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22
Q

What’s the function of a baffle in a pitot probe

A

Prevents water and foreign objects from entering the pitot pressure line

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23
Q

What is qnh

A

Atmospheric pressure at sea level

Altimeter will read airfield height above sea level

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24
Q

What is qfe

A

Atmospheric pressure at airfield level

Altimeter will read zero on take off or landing

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25
Q

What is qne

A

Height

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26
Q

What would qnh be set at below a transition altitude

A

3000ft outside air lanes

4000-6000 ft in air lanes

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27
Q

What are 3 point altimeter functions

A

Long - one turn per 1000ft

Short - one turn per 10000ft

Triangular - one per 100000 ft

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28
Q

What does radio altimeter do

A

Measure the distance from aircraft above the ground rather then sea level

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29
Q

What happens to pressure as altitude increases

A

Decreases

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30
Q

When does a evacuated capsule expand

A

When static pressure decreases with a increase in altitude

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31
Q

How can you combat hysteresis error

A

Replacing mechanical linkage between capsules and pointer with an electrical servo mechanism

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32
Q

What does the vsi show

A

Rate of ascent or decent

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33
Q

What extra part does a instantaneous vertical speed indicator have

A

Extra opening to compensate for internet low operating force in standard vsi

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34
Q

What does altimeter measure

A

Barometric height

35
Q

Two names temperature defined as

A

Static air

Outside air temp

36
Q

Number11

A

Stair air temp

37
Q

12

A

Ram rise

38
Q

Where are static ports

A

Foward fuselage

Area of smooth airflow

39
Q

Sse dependent on what 3 things

A

Shape of fuselage
Airspeed
Angle of attack

40
Q

What condition influences measured static

A

Side slip

41
Q

How do you compensate for side slip

A

Cross porting

42
Q

What must be fittted on ground

A

Cover on probe

43
Q

What tells the pilots the orientation relative to the earths rotation

A

Attitude indicator

44
Q

What does a vertical gyro provide

A

Attitude indication for ADI

45
Q

What does directional gyro do

A

Provides heading refrence signal for the hsi and radio magnetic indicators

46
Q

What does gyro stability depend on

A

Mass
Rotational speed
Radius (distance between axis and centre of mass)

47
Q

What dictates the degrees of freedom

A

The amount of gimbles

48
Q

2 gimbles give how much degrees of freedom

A

2

49
Q

What type of gyro do we need

A

Tied and earth

50
Q

How many degrees of freedom does a rate gyro have and what does it

A

1 degree of freedom and it’s used for turn co-ordination where axis is horizontal

51
Q

What is rigidity

A

Ability to maintain its axis while pointing in a fixed in a fixed direction in space

52
Q

What is gyro precession

A

Putting a force on one axis will be felt on the other axis

53
Q

What the two properties that a rotor relies on for angular momentum

A

Rigidity and precession

54
Q

What’s spinning

A

Gyro on x axis (own)

55
Q

What’s tilting

A

Gyro on y axis (Horizontal)

56
Q

What’s veering

A

Gyro on z axis (vertical)

57
Q

What are levelling switches

A

Electrolytic switches

58
Q

Vertical gyro is used when we have what

A

Artificial horizon

59
Q

Gyro spin speed

A

2200 rpm

60
Q

When does a gyro wonder

A

Mechanical imbalances inside

61
Q

When a gyro is tied down how often is it checked

A

Every hour to make sure it’s 15 degrees

62
Q

With gyro precession what was will the gyro spin

A

The direction of rotation

63
Q

How does a laser gyro work

A

2 light sources going round in opposite directions

64
Q

Advantage of laser gyro

A

No moving parts
Less maintenance

65
Q

How many laser ring gyros

A

1 on each axis

66
Q

How many accelerometers

A

3

67
Q

Max gyro handing

A

20 minutes

68
Q

Directional gyro also know as what

A

horizontal axis gyro

69
Q

What’s on a hsi

A

Warning flags

70
Q

What will be shown on ehsi

A

Weather radar

71
Q

Turn and bank coordinators are powered by what

A

DC electrical system

72
Q

Rate gyro degrees of freedom and how is it limited

A

1degrees & limited by a spring

73
Q

True north vs magnetic north

A

Variation

74
Q

Compass vs magnetic heading

A

Deviation

75
Q

Hard iron magnetism

A

Caused by iron or parts in aircraft structure

Hard to demagnetise , easy to magnetise

76
Q

Soft iron magnetism

A

Only magnetised when the field is around it , once it’s gone it’s no longer magnetised

77
Q

Expansion unit is used for what

A

Compensated for fluid expansion caused by temp change

78
Q

Why do u need to use the correct type of lamp for a replacement

A

If you don’t could lead to compass deviation when you switch on the lights

79
Q

Where is the flux valve located

A

Far away from the magnetic fields of the aircraft

(wing tips , wing leading edge , vertical fin)

80
Q

What does a flux valve do

A

Electrically transmits information to an aircraft’s compass system

81
Q

How should stall warnings operate

A

5kts or 5% above stall speed

82
Q

Where is the reed switch located

A

Behind the opening in the leading edge of the wing

83
Q

How does the alpha vane prevent ice formation

A

Using an internal electrical heater

84
Q

If no change happens after the stick shaker goes off what happens

A

The stick pusher is activated

M11 New (17 decks)

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