114 Flashcards
114.1 Explain how Naval Meteorology and Oceanography supports the Information Dominance mission
This corp will develop and deliver dominant information capabilities in support of U.S. Navy, Joint, and national warfighting requirements
114.2 Discuss the general mission of the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command
The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command provides METOC, Bathymetry and Hydrography (Bathy/Hydro), Precise Time and Astrometry (PTA), products and services that enable effective decision-making for operational safety, warfighting success by Naval and Joint forces, and security cooperation
114.3 Describe the NMOC organizational structure
Commander (COMNAVMETOCCOM) is both the Type Commander and operational arm of the Naval Oceanography Program, is an Echelon III command reporting to the Commander, United States Fleet Forces Command (USFF/COMUSFLTFORCOM)
The Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations (CNMOC N3) is charged with the responsibility of maintaining operational oversight of all Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Echelon IV and subordinate commands
CNMOC aligns warfare directorates under four major Directors of Oceanography Operations (DOO) and are aligned to support Naval Oceanography Operations Command (NOOC) and is the service delivery portion of NAVMETOCCOM:
- Undersea Warfare: ASW & MIW
- Expeditionary Warfare: NSW, EXW, USMC
- Weather Services: AVN, MAR, FltOPS
- Positioning, Navigation, and Timing: NAV & PTA
NMOPDC is the training activity supporting NAVMETCCOM
Three Production Centers are FNMOC, NAVO, USNAVOBSY
114.4 Define Battle Space on Demand (BOND) WRT decision superiority
- supports long-range Naval Oceanography strategy for linking environmental data to timely and informed decision, a key aspect of decision superiority
- focuses on the acquisition of environmental data, transformation of data and fusion with other data sources into information and knowledge, and providing knowledge for future Naval forces during the 2010-2020 timeframe
- describes how the acquisition and analysis of environmental data and information from Navy, joint, interagency, and international sources allows for an accurate understanding of complex operational environments
114.5 Discuss the tiers of Battle Space on Demand
The Data Layer (Tier 0): Consists of data collected while observing the atmosphere and the ocean using a vast range
The Environment Layer (Tier 1): Tier 0 data is analyzed, processed, and merged into databases and/or prediction systems or numerical models operated on High Performance Computer (HPC) systems to forecast the future state of the environment
The Performance Layer (Tier 2): The predicted environment is used in conjunction with information about the operational environment to predict how forces, sensors, weapons systems, and platforms will perform over time in a given operational situation
The Decision Layer (Tier 3): The situational awareness gained in Tier 2 is applied to specific situations to quantify risk and opportunity at strategic, operational, and tactical levels
114.6 Define the Navy Enterprise Portal (NEP-Oc)
NEP-Oc will serve as a single access point for all METOC web-accessible information o the NIPRNet and SIPRNet
Products/services site: Providing information about, and access to, METOC web products/services
Navy meteorologists and forecasters analyze current environmental conditions and use state-of-the-art computer models to forecast atmospheric and oceanographic phenomena impacting navy flight operations
114.7 Identify/discuss which NMOC commands provide “Maritime Support” and where those commands are located
The mission of METOC maritime support is to enable fleet safety and readiness through accurate and timely weather forecasts, warnings and recommendations
Support is provided by the Fleet Weather Centers, Norfolk and San Diego
Typhoon warning functions of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), Pearl Harbor, HI
114.8 Discuss the following Maritime Support products OTSR ROUTE DIVERT WEAX OPAREA
OTSR Route surveillance message: A weather advisory service for safety and damage avoidance, spanning long-range planning to enroute surveillance
ROUTE: Planning route issued upon request that consider ship’s limits, operational constraints, currents, icebergs, time/fuel savings. Must be requested 72 hours prior to underway
DIVERT: Issued when conditions are forecast to exceed wind or seas limits as determined by supported unit
Special weather advisory: Issued for prolonged period of heavy weather in high-traffic areas of the AOR, 72+ hours in advance
WEAX: A tailored weather and sea state forecast along a unit’s Points of Intended Movement (PIM), MODLOC, or OCONUS Port
OPAREA forecast: Produced once a day for major operating areas, the forecasts are transmitted via message traffic and posted to the NEP-Oc. The product includes a 24-hour forecast and 48-hour outlook
114.9 Define/discuss the mission of NMOC’s “Fleet Operations”
The mission of FLTOPS is to provide timely, comprehensive and tactically relevant METOC products and services in direct support of deploying Carrier Strike Groups (CSG), Expeditionary Strike Groups (ESG), and Amphibious Readiness Groups (ARG) Commanders, assigned units, staff and other U.S. and Joint or Coalition forces, as directed
114.10 Identify/discuss which NMOC commands provide “Aviation Support” and where they’re located
Aviation weather support is provided by Fleet Weather Centers in Norfolk, VA and San Diego, CA. FWC Norfolk has detachments located in Semback, Germany. FWC San Diego has aviation detachments located in Atsugi, Japan and Pearl Harbor, HI (Hickam AFB)
114.11 Discuss the following aviation support products
Flight Weather Briefing (DD175-1): Required by OPNAVINST 3710.1(series), provides weather information for the departure point, route-of-flight, destination(s), and alternate destination(s)
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF): Issued in accordance with NAVMETOCCOMINST 3143.1(series), is a 24 hour forecast for each Naval Air Station which is periodically updated
Optimum Path Aircraft Routing System (OPARS): A set of computer programs that select optimum fuel efficiency routes for aircraft
114.12 Define/discuss Resource Protection WRT Navy METOC and identify the area of responsibility for the appropriate NMOC commands
Resource protection (RP) includes the monitoring and dissemination of weather products to ensure that installations receive notification of inclement weather, enabling informed decisions to protect Navy resources
FWC Norfolk: Naval Installations in Navy Reg Southeast, Midwest, Mid-Atlantic, and Naval District Washington
FWC San Diego: Navy Northwest and Southwest
NOAC Yokosuka, Astugi, Pearl Harbor, and Sembach provide OCONUS RP support
114.13 Define the following Resource Protection products WATCH WARNING THUNDER SEVERE THUNDER SMALL CRAFT ADVIS GALE WARN FREEZING PERCIPIT ADVISE WARNING
Thunderstorm Watch (T2): Destructive winds accompanying thunderstorm within 25nm or expected within 6 hours
Thunderstorm Warning (T1): Destructive winds accompanying thunderstorms are within 10nm are expected within 1 hour
Severe Thunderstorm Watch (T2): Winds greater than 50kts, hail 1”, within 25nm or 6 hours
Severe Thunderstorm Warning (T1): Winds greater than 50kts, hail 1”, within 10nm or 1 hours
Small Craft Advisory: 18-33 kts
Gale Warning: 34-47 kts
Freezing Precipitation Advisory: Up to ¼” accumulation
Freezing Precipitation Warning: Greater than ¼” accumulation
114.14 Discuss the following Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness (COR) and who sets them
COR I-V
Condition V (COR 5): Possible threat of destructive winds within 96 hours. Review hazardous and destructive weather Implementation plans, as established by local regulations
Condition IV (COR 4): Possible threat of destructive winds within 72 hours. Review hazardous and destructive weather Implementation plans, as established by local regulations
Condition III (COR 3): Possible threat of destructive winds within 48 hours. Take preliminary precautions
Condition II (COR 2): Destructive winds are anticipated within 24 hours. Take precautions that will permit establishment of an appropriate state of readiness on short notice
Condition I (COR 1): Destructive winds are anticipated within 12 hours. Final precautions as prescribed
114.15 Define/discuss NMOC’s Tsunami support
Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) Pearl Harbor is responsible for providing tsunami information support to all DoD assets and will act as the Subject Matter Expert (SME) and operational liaison to NOAA for all Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (NMOC)
114.16 Discuss NMOC’s Tsunami support products
WARN WATCH ADVISE INFORM
Tsunami Warning: Issued when a tsunami with significant widespread inundation if imminent or expected
Tsunami Advisory: Issued when the threat of a potential tsunami exist which may produce strong currents or waves dangerous to those in or near the water
Tsunami Watch: Is issued to alert emergency management officials and the public of an event which may later impact the watch area
Tsunami Information Statement: Issued to inform emergency management officials and the public that an earthquake has occurred, or that a tsunami warning, watch or advisory has been issued for another section of the ocean
114.17 Define/discuss NMOC’s Precise Time and Astrometry (PTA) support
Provides the foundational data for positioning, navigation, and timing (PTA) operations
All PTA support and products are provided by the United States Naval Observatory (USNAVOBSY) located in Washington, DC
- Tailored Safety of Navigation Hydrographic Products
- Tailored Expeditionary Hydrographic Products
- Beach Reports
114.18 Identify the various products and services NMOC provides for safety of navigation support
- Bathymetric and Hydrographic data
- Tailored Safety of Navigation Hydrographic Products
- Tailored Expeditionary Hydrographic Products
- Beach Reports
114.19 Define/discuss NMOC’s oceanographic and hydrographic survey support
NMOC provides the preponderance of oceanographic and hydrographic survey capabilities for the Department of the Navy (DoN) and the Department of Defense (DoD)
114.20 Discuss the following standard hydrographic survey units
TAG_S
ACS
FST
Multi-Purpose Oceanographic Survey Ships (TAG-S): High demand, low density assets managed under the Global Force Management program. They are configured to conduct open ocean collection of physical oceanographic properties, deep water bathymetry, or shallow water hydrography, and are capable of deploying gliders, drifting buoys and profiling floats that are capable of collecting oceanographic information
Airborne Coastal Survey (ACS): Utilizes an integrated Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)/imaging system. The current system is installed in a King Air 200 (C-12 equivalent) aircraft and is capable of collecting hydrographic information in relatively clear, shallow waters as well as topographic data over land to produce seamless coastal charts and maps
Fleet Survey Team (FST): Primary collection platform is a fully outfitted, C-130-transportable, rigid hull inflatable boat (RHIB) equipped with a suite of hydrographic sensors. FST has additional suites of sensors that may be installed on a “boat of opportunity” to allow rapid collection, analysis and dissemination of shallow water bathymetric data
FST’s expeditionary capability is focused on providing qualitative information to ensure safe ship-shore movement using its Expeditionary Survey Vehicles (ESV)
114.21 Define/discuss NMOC’s Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) support
Environmental support for ISR is provided by Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF) capable units in NAVMETOCCOM like NAVO, FNMOC, NAVICE, NMFC/JTWC
- Analyzed Imagery
- Forecasts for ISR sensors
- Fused Products
114.22 Define/discuss NMOC’s expeditionary warfare (EXW) support
aval Oceanography provides support to expeditionary warfare via the unified capabilities of both forward deployed personnel and shore-based meteorology and oceanography production centers. This enables timely and relevant data and information to be incorporated into the decision-making process, resulting in a better understanding of the mission impacts
Organized to support 4 main warfighting forces: Naval Special Warfare Forces, Navy Expeditionary Combat Command Units, Amphibious Warfare Units, and Marine Air-Ground Task Forces
114.23 Define/discuss NMOC’s Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) support
Tailored and regional ocean modeling to support ASW planning and tactical decision aids, general assessment of acoustic conditions, and more detailed analyses of acoustic variability and overall probability of detection across multiple sensors
114.24 Discuss ASW’s operational support elements
ASW Reach Back Cell (ASW RBC): Centralized 24x7 support cell operated by NOAC SSC. Provides direct environmental support to any unit engaged in ASW
Naval Oceanography ASW Detachments (NOADs): Primarily collocated with Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft (MPRA) activities and provide support directly to those squadrons
Experts in ASW-related environmental analysis, forecasting, and planning. They deploy to provide direct support to ASW Commanders and staffs at the theater, strike group, DESRON, and MOCC levels
