113. Psychotherapies

Question 1

Psychodynamic Therapy

• define Id, Ego, Superego
• define unconscious, preconscious, conscious

Answer 1

Id: unconscious; basic primal sexual drives
Ego: balance between id impulses and superego standards
Superego: guide of standards of behavior learned

Unconscious: all outside our awareness - buried memories
Preconscious: things we can think about if prompted
Conscious

Question 2

Psychodynamic theory: principles and goals

Answer 2

• unresolved childhood conflicts cause sx formation through repetition (return to scene of crime)
• therapy relationship is examined: transference (pt treats therapist like close relationship)
• focus on pt emotions

Goal: sx resolution, insight, improved well-being

Question 3

Primitive Defense Mechanisms (define them)
Denial, Regression, Acting Out, Dissociation, Compartmentalization, Projection, Reaction Formation, Identification w/ Agressor, Somatization, Splitting, Idealization

Answer 3

Regression - revert to earlier/safer enviro.
Compartment - lesser form of dissociation
Projection - painting own feelings onto someone else
Reaction Formation - convert thoughts into opposites
ID w/Aggro - model behavior after more powerful (hazing)
Somatization: turn unacceptable feelings into physical sx
Splitting: black and white thinking
Idealization: denying negative aspects b/c complex thoughts are too much

Question 4

Mature (adaptive) defense mechanisms (define them)

Repression, Displacement, Intellectualization, Rationalization, Undoing, Suppression, Sublimation, Humor, Altruism

Answer 4

Displacement: redirect feelings onto safer person
Intellect: spend more time on facts than feelings
Ration: provide diff explanation for feeling
Undoing: attempt to undo past behavior
Suppression: constantly put aside unpleasant feeling
Sublimation: changing unacceptable impulses into acceptable ones
Humor: not healthy if offensive
Altruism: helps others to avoid own negative feelings

Question 5

CBT

Goals

Answer 5

Sx Reduction
Short term measurable results, identify dysfx thinking/behaviors and their triggers/cues, extinguish maladaptive behavior, generate adaptive behavior

Question 6

CBT Cognitive Distortions (Define them)
All-or-Nothing thinking, Overgeneralization, Mental Filters, Labeling, Should Statements, Fortune Telling, Catastrophizing/Minimizing, Personalizing, Emotional Reasoning, Comparison Game, Negativity Bias

Answer 6

AoN: black and white absolute thinking (splitting)
Overgen: drawing one conclusion, applying to all
Mental: dwelling on even misperceivingly
Labeling: negative labels to self
Shoulds: how you think you “should” be
Fortune: thinking you can predict future
Catastro: blowing things out of proportion
Person: thinking everything is about you
Emotional: jumping to conclusions w/ feelings
Comparison game: duh
Negativity Bias: remembering negative events more than positive ones

Question 7

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

• what it is
• use

Answer 7

CBT + Mindfulness
Help develop distress tolerance, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness
Use: severe PDs

Question 8

Interpersonal Therapy

• use
• what it is
• pro/con

Answer 8

Role-transitions (widow), grief, interpersonal disputes, developmental deficits
- here-and-now, minimalized, time-limited
- skill development/behavior change
+: doesn’t over-pathologize need for therapy
-: narrow focus

Question 9

Supportive and Crisis Therapy

- what it is, goal

Answer 9

Psychoeducational, active here-and-now therapist
focus on coping, self-reliance, resilience
Goal: achieve high levels of functioning

Question 10

Therapy for Medical Conditions

- what it is

Answer 10

Support groups for coping with dx and tx (chronic and terminal illness)
Individual Therapy as needed