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51/5 FMF Last Dance > 112 Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Defense Fundamentals > Flashcards

112 Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Defense Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Chemical Sign for CBRNE

A

GAS with Yellow background with red lettering.

  • Name of agent if known
  • Date and Time of detection
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2
Q

Biological Sign for CBRNE

A

BIO with Blue background and red lettering.

  • Name of agent if known
  • Date and Time of detection
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3
Q

Radiological Sign for CBRNE

A

ATOM with White background with black lettering

  • Dose
  • Date and Time reading
  • Date and Time of burst
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4
Q

Chemical Minefield for CBRNE

A

GAS MINES with Red background and yellow lettering and stripe

  • Chemical agent
  • Date of emplacement
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5
Q

Purpose of M-50 Joint Service General Purpose Mask.

A
  • United States Armed Forces Field Protective mask.
  • This protective mask provides 24 hours continuous protection.
  • began service in December 2009,
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6
Q

How many CBRNE alarms are there?

A

3

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7
Q

What are the three CBRNE alarms?

A

Vocal:
Visual:
Percussion: Metal on Metal.

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8
Q

MOPP Ready means?

A

When a Marine/Sailor carries his/her mask

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9
Q

MOPP level 0

A

MOPP gear available but is not wearing it

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10
Q

MOPP level 1

A

Over garment- Worn

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11
Q

MOPP level 2

A

Over garment- Worn

Booties- Worn

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12
Q

MOPP level 3

A

Over garment- Worn
Booties- Worn
Mask- Worn with hood open of closed

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13
Q

MOPP level 4

A

Over garment- Worn
Booties- Worn
Mask- Worn
Gloves- Worn

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14
Q

M256A1 will take approximately XX minutes?

A

15 minutes

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15
Q

M9 detector paper?

A

detects chemical agents but not identify the agent.

  • worn around the ankles,
  • wrists and biceps.
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16
Q

Color M9 paper gets contaminated?

A

Light Pink to Reddish brown or violent tint

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17
Q

M8 detector paper

A

liquid forms such as puddles, small drops, or barely visible droplets.

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18
Q

Do you blot or rub the M8 paper on a suspected contamination?

A

Blot

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19
Q

Nerve on M8 Paper is what series and color?

A

G- Yellow/Gold

V- Dark Green

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20
Q

Blister on M8 Paper is what series and color?

A

H- Pink/Red

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21
Q

Describe Immediate Decon

A

Minimizes Casualties, Save Lives, and limits spread of contamination.
Three Immediate Techniques: Skin Decon, Personnel Wipe Down, and Operator’s Spray Down

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22
Q

Describe Operational Decon

A

Sustains operations, reduces the contact hazard, and limits spread of contamination to eliminate the necessity or reduce the duration of wearing MOPP gear.
Two Operational Techniques: Vehicle wash down and MOPP gear exchange

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23
Q

Describe Thorough Decon

A

Reduces or eliminates the need for individual protective clothing.
Three Thorough Techniques: Detailed troop decon, detailed equipment decon, and detailed aircraft decon

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24
Q

Nerve Agents work how?

A

Interfere with normal transmission of the nerve impulses in the parasympathetic nervous system

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25
Q

Nerve Agent?

A
  • Odorless,
  • Almost colorless liquids
  • Varying in thickness and readily able to vaporize
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26
Q

Signs and Symptoms if exposed to Nerve Vapor

A
  • Pupils will constrict (pinpoint).
  • Local muscular twitching
  • Runny nose,
  • Difficult breathing,
  • Diarrhea, vomiting, convulsions, drowsiness, coma and unconsciousness
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27
Q

Treatment of Nerve Agent

A
  • Three 2mg auto-injectors of Atropine

- Three 600mg auto-injectors of 2-PAM CI

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28
Q

For medical personnel what is the required therapy for Nerve agents?

A

Continue to administer atropine for 15 minute until mild atropinization occurs.

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29
Q

Blister Agents work how?

A

Primary action on the skin, producing large and painful blisters that are incapacitating.

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30
Q

What are the common Blister Agents?

A
  • (HD) Mustard
  • (HN)Nitrogen Mustard,
  • (L) Lewisite
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31
Q

How long does it take for blister agents to manifest?

What does it effect?

A
  • Several hours.

- Eyes / Respiratory tract / Skin.

32
Q

Mustard (HN) and Nitrogen Mustard (HD)

A
  • Oily,
  • Colorless, or pale yellow liquids,
  • Sparingly soluble in water.
33
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Exposure of Mustard

A
  • Gritting feeling in the eyes
  • Spastic blinking of the eyelids and photophobia.
  • Burns in the sweaty areas (groin, armpits, face and neck).
34
Q

How long does it take for blistering to begin for Mustard?

A

12 - 48 hours

35
Q

Inhalation of mustard will cause?

A

Irritation of the throat, hoarseness, a cough, difficult breathing, fever and moist rales.

36
Q

What is the treatment for mustard poisoning?

A

No antidotal treatment. Remove as much of the Mustard as possible, asap.

37
Q

Lewisite (L)

A

Arsenical (an arsenic-based compound) Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes slowly.

38
Q

S/S of Exposure to Lewisite

A

Lewisite causes intense pain upon contact.

39
Q

Treatment of Lewisite

A

EYES: Flushing eyes with copious amounts of water. Sodium Sulfacetamide, 30% solution, may be used to combat eye infection within 24 hours.
SYSTEMIC: British Anti-Lewisite (BAL), Dimercapol

40
Q

BAL is somewhat toxic, so how much can you inject before a person has severe symptoms?

A

3mg/kg

41
Q

Blood agents work how?

A

Interfere with enzyme in the body, i.e. block oxygen transfer.

42
Q

What are common blood agents?

A
  • (AC) Hydrocyanic acid

- (CK) Cyanogen chloride

43
Q

S/S of Exposure to Blood Agents

A
  • Either death or recovery.
  • Violent convulsions after 20 to 30 seconds and respiratory failure with cessation of heart action within a few minutes.
44
Q

Treatment of Blood Agents?

A
  • Amyl Nitrate in Crushed ampules

IV sodium thiosulfate solution

45
Q

What type of odor is Blood agents?

A

Almonds

46
Q

After atmosphere has been cleared of Blood agents how many amyl nitrate ampules can be used on a patient who has been exposed to a Blood agent?

A

No more then eight.

47
Q

What is required after the initial lifesaving measures for blood agents?

A

Sodium Thiosulfate

48
Q

What is the required dose of Sodium Thiosulfate?

A

100 to 200 mg/kg given over a 9-minute period.

49
Q

What is the key to success to cyanide therapy?

A

Speed

50
Q

Choking Agents work how?

A

They cause extensive damage to alveolar tissue, resulting in pulmonary edema.

51
Q

What are common Choking Agents?

A
  • (CG) Phosgene

- (CI) Chlorine

52
Q

Phosgene (CG)

IC chock when cutting the CG’s grass

A
  • Colorless gas with a distinctive odor similar to new-mown hay or freshly cut grass.
  • CG can cause damage to the eyes and throat
53
Q

S/S of Exposure to Choking Agents

A

Watering of the Eyes, Coughing, and a feeling tightness in the chest. There will be no symptoms for 2 to 6 hours after exposure.
LATENT SYMPTOMS: Rapid, Shallow, Labored breathing. Painful cough, Cyanosis, Frothy sputum, Clammy skin, Rapid, Feeble pulse, and low pressure. Shock may develop, followed by death.

54
Q

Treatment of Choking Agents

A

Bed rest is mandatory. Keep victims with lung edema only moderately warm and treat resulting anoxia with oxygen.

55
Q

Incapacitating Agents work how?

A

Produce mental confusion and an inability to function intelligently.

56
Q

Characteristics of the Incapacitants

A

High Potency (i.e. an extremely low dose is effective) and logistic feasibility
Effects produced mainly by altering or disrupting the higher regulatory activity of the CNS
Duration of action comprising hours or days, rather than momentary or transient action.

57
Q

S/S of Exposure to Incapacitating Agents

A

First symptoms can appear in 30 minutes to several hours and may persist for days. Affected may make irrational statements and have delusions or hallucinations. C/O dizziness, muscular in coordination, dry mouth, and difficult swallowing.

58
Q

3-Quinuclidinyl Benzilate (BZ)

A

Causes delirium that may last several days. It will cause increased heart rate, pupil size and skin temperature, drowsiness, dry skin and decrease in alertness.

59
Q

Treatment of BZ

A

Physostigmine. Not as effective if not used within the first 4 hours. It is very effective as long a treatment is continued and if premature discontinuation of therapy relapse will occur.

60
Q

Riot control/harassing agents work how?

A

Harass enemy personnel or to discourage riot actions

61
Q

What are the two classes of riot-control/harassment agents?

A

Lacrimators and Vomiting Agents

62
Q

Lacrimators work how?

A

Local irritants that act primarily on the eyes.

High Concentrations- Irritate respiratory tract and the skin.

63
Q

Chloracetophenone (CN) and Orthochlorobenzilidine Malanonitile (CS)

A

CN- Training Agent (Tear Gas)

CS- Riot Control Agent

64
Q

S/S of Exposure to Lacrimators

A

Intense pain in the eyes with excessive tearing. Exposure seldom last over 2 hours.

65
Q

Treatment of Lacrimators

A

Fresh Air. Change Clothes. Wash yourself.

66
Q

Diphenylaminochloroarsine (Adamsite(DM)), Diphenylchloroarsine (DA) and Diphenylcyanoarsine (DC)

A

Dispersed as aerosols and produce effects by inhalation or by direct actions to the eyes.

67
Q

S/S of Exposure to Vomiting

A

Strong pepper-like irritation in the upper respiratory tract, with irritation of the eyes and lacrimation. They cause violent uncontrollable sneezing, coughing, nausea, vomiting and a general feeling of malaise. Inhalation causes burning sensation in the nose and throat, hypersalivation, and rhinorrhea. Sinuses fill rapidly and cause a violent frontal headache.

68
Q

Screening Smokes used for?

A

Obscure vision and hide target areas.

69
Q

Where should screening smoke be used?

A

Outside. Under no circumstance should they be used inside or in closed compartments.

70
Q

White phosphorus is a…

A

Pale, waxy solid that ignites spontaneously on contact with air to give a hot, dense, white smoke.

71
Q

What must a person be covered with when WP is embedded in the skin?

A

Water, Wet Cloth, or Mud

72
Q

What may be used as a rinse for WP?

A

Freshly mixed 0.5 solution of cooper sulfate

73
Q

How are WP particles removed?

A

Surgically

74
Q

What dose NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

75
Q

Immediate action for a nuclear attack with weapon

A

Page 140

51/5 FMF Last Dance (19 decks)

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