11.11.2019 - version 1

Question 1

The African swine fever virus is highly resistant against the environmental conditions

Answer 1

T

environment for 100-200 days, years in the freezer

Question 2

The ASF virus can be detected by hemagglutination test

Answer 2

F
possessess hemadsorption (need to cell culture: RBC will be absorbed by infected cells)

Question 3

In Europe the main route of infection is the transmission of the ASF virus by ticks

Answer 3

F

main route is PO infection, but tick bites may also transmit in

Question 4

The primary replication sites of ASF virus are the tonsils and lymph nodes

Answer 4

T

Question 5

The leading clinical sign in ASF is excess salivation

Answer 5

F

fever is the leading clinical sign. they are influenced by the virulence of the strains

Question 6

In case of ASF enlarged spleen is observed during necropsy

Answer 6

T

6x larger, black - characterstic for ASF

Question 7

The buttons in the intestines are characteristic pathological findings in case of ASF

Answer 7

F

correct for CSF in subacute and chronic infections, but not present in ASF

Question 8

In the control of ASF decreasing the wild boar populations is helpful

Answer 8

T

Question 9

The replication time of FMD virus is over one day

Answer 9

F

shedding starts 9 hours after infection, extremely contagious, fast spreading (no time to react and control)

Question 10

The FMD virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure

Answer 10

T

Question 11

The FMD virus is classified into 7 serotypes

Answer 11

T
A and O found worldwide
C is rare

Question 12

We can observe the most severe FMD signs on sheep

Answer 12

F

mild symptoms in sheep and goat (although vescile formation may be quite severe in goat)

Question 13

FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat

Answer 13

T

can live for months in frozen meat

Question 14

Ruminants can carry FMD virus for up to 3 years

Answer 14

T

Question 15

FMD can cause myocarditis in young animals

Answer 15

T

Zenker necrosis -> tiger heart

Question 16

In the control of FMD vaccines are used in Europe

Answer 16

F
EU is currently free, just sporadic outbreaks. Use control measures, eradication programs.
Vaccination only used in endemic areas.

Question 17

Teschen disease is frequent all over the world

Answer 17

F

endemic in Middle-Europe and Madagaskar

Question 18

The main clinical sign of Teschen disease in sheep is pneumonia

Answer 18

F

only pigs are susceptible

Question 19

The virus of Teschen disease is shed in the faeces for several weeks after infection

Answer 19

T

7-8 weeks with feces (resistant)

Question 20

Lameness is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Only pigs are susceptible to the swine vesicular disease virus

Answer 21

T

Question 22

The resistance of swine vesicular disease virus is very low, it cannot survive in the environment

Answer 22

F

Enterovirus: good resistance (non-enveloped)

Question 23

Swine vesicular disease virus replicates in the epithelium of the throat and tonsils

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Swine vesicular disease virus cannot cause viremia

Answer 24

F

Question 25

Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Duck hepatitis A virus does not cause viraemia

Answer 26

F

Question 27

Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Duck hepatitis cannot be prevented with vaccination

Answer 28

F inactivated: layers, boosters attenuated: layers, day-old ducklings

Question 29

The VES infection results in clinical signs similar to that of FMD

Answer 29

T | dd: FMD, SVD, VSV

Question 30

The Feline calicivirus infection can be recognized by the ulcers seen on the tongue

Answer 30

T

Question 31

RHD virus is transmitted by mosquitoes

Answer 31

F | fecooral route, PO infection, or transmission by flies

Question 32

The avian hepatitis E is a zoonotic disease

Answer 32

F Hepatitis E is zoonotic, but not the chicken/avian kind

Question 33

There are several virulency variants of bursitis virus

Answer 33

T

Question 34

Bursitis virus is shed in the faeces

Answer 34

T | shedding with feces for 2 weeks

Question 35

Bursitis virus targets the premature B lymphocytes

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Vaccines are available to control Gumboro disease

Answer 36

``` T attenuated immunocomplex recombinant vector inactivated ```

Question 37

Horse encephalomyelitis viruses are transmitted by ticks

Answer 37

F EEE: bird - mosquito cycle WEE: bird - mosquito - rodent VEE: horse - mosquito - horse

Question 38

Rodents serve as reservoirs for the Western equine encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 38

T | WEE: bird - mosquito - rodent

Question 39

Togavirus infection results in abortion of horses

Answer 39

F

Question 40

Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent rotavirus infections

Answer 40

T

Question 41

Genetic reassortment may cause significant antigenic changes in reovirus strains

Answer 41

T

Question 42

Orbiviruses spread by droplet (aerogen) infection

Answer 42

F | it is an arbovirus (need arthropod vector for transmission)

Question 43

Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa

Answer 43

F | has african origin, but worldwide occurrence

Question 44

Bluetongue is named after the cyanosis of the tongue

Answer 44

T

Question 45

Lameness is frequent symptom of blue tongue in sheep

Answer 45

T | erosions of hoofs, and muscle damages -> lameness

Question 46

The subacute form of African horse sickness is causing oedema formation and heart failure

Answer 46

T edema: around eyes, lips, head, tongue, throat ("hippo head") heart failure: cause of death, 4-8 days after onset of CS

Question 47

Wild birds play the most important role in the spreading of African horse sickness

Answer 47

F midges = biological vector mosquito, ticks (rare) = mechanical vector AHSV is an orbivirus, which is an arbovirus

Question 48

Horse encephalitis occurs only in America

Answer 48

F

Question 49

Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle

Answer 49

F | will cause GI signs (massive diarrhea)

Question 50

Losses due to rotavirus infection of young animals can be prevented by colostrum-feeding

Answer 50

T

Question 51

Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves

Answer 51

T

Question 52

Avian orthoreoviruses cause mainly nephritis and encephalitis

Answer 52

F tenosynovitis-arthritis, PEMS, helicopter disease, malabsorption syndrome, hydropericardium, resp. disease, immunosuppression.

Question 53

Louping ill is transmitted by mosquitoes and midges

Answer 53

F | principle vector: ixodes ricinus -> tick

Question 54

Horses and humans do not play a significant role in the transmission of West Nile virus

Answer 54

T | humans and horses are dead-end hosts (no shedding of virus)

Question 55

The West Nile virus may cause encephalitis in humans and in horses

Answer 55

T

Question 56

Pestiviruses are arboviruses

Answer 56

F

Question 57

Cattle which are immune-tolerant to BVD virus may develop Mucosal Disease

Answer 57

T The development of MD can happen in two ways: 1. a persistently ncp-BVDV infected cattle is superinfected with a cp-BVDV strain 2. the ncp-BVDV strain mutates to become a cp-BVDV strain

Question 58

Cytopathic strains of the Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can cause abortions

Answer 58

T

Question 59

Bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) is caused by bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV)

Answer 59

F | idiopathic, may be an effect of BVD vaccine (but not the virus/infection itself)

Question 60

The border disease is present only in the United Kingdom

Answer 60

F | first description of disease in UK, but worldwide occurrence

Question 61

Classical swine fever virus strains are classified into several serotypes

Answer 61

F | serologically uniform

Question 62

CSF virus targets the lymphatic tissues

Answer 62

T

Question 63

Because of endothelial damage CSF results in haemorrhages

Answer 63

T

Question 64

Among CSF clinical signs CNS and eye problems can be observed

Answer 64

T

Question 65

CSF infection in the 2nd half of the pregnancy leads to foetal development problems

Answer 65

F 1st half of pregnancy: abortion, premature birth, weak trembling piglets, splayleg, immunotolerant piglets 2nd half of pregnancy: less damaged, immunocompetent piglets

Question 66

Kidney haemorrhage is a characteristic pathological lesion of CSF

Answer 66

T

Question 67

In subacute CSF we can observe signs of pneumonia during necropsies

Answer 67

T

Question 68

In Europe it is obligatory to vaccinate against CSF

Answer 68

F Europe is generally free from CSF, and in these cases the prevention of introduction is more important + follow contingency plan as it is a notifiable disease

Question 69

All bunyaviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes

Answer 69

F most except Hantavirus

Question 70

Schmallenberg virus causes foetal damages in pigs

Answer 70

F | disease of ruminants (mainly dairy cows and sheep)

Question 71

Rift Valley fever is a human-only disease

Answer 71

F | ruminants + humans

Question 72

Nairobi sheep disease causes a generalized infection in the animal

Answer 72

T

Question 73

Influenza viruses are classified into genera by their NP and M1 proteins

Answer 73

T

Question 74

HA protein of influenza viruses is responsible for the attachment to the cell

Answer 74

T | HA is found on the cell surface = receptor protein

Question 75

Anti-neuraminidase drugs inhibit the decapsidation of influenza viruses

Answer 75

F | that is anti-M2 drugs

Question 76

Influenza viruses are sensitive to detergents

Answer 76

T | drying out, high temperatures, UV light and detergents inactivate the virus

Question 77

Antigenic shift is behind the influenza pandemies

Answer 77

T

Question 78

The main host of influenza is the swine

Answer 78

F | natural host: (wild) birds

Question 79

Race horses should be vaccinated before the influenza season

Answer 79

F | should be vaccinated before racing season

Question 80

HPAI causes blood vessel damages and generalized infections

Answer 80

T