1.11 Managing the Impacts of Tectonic Hazards

Question 1

what are the 4 hazard mitigation strategies?

Answer 1

land use zoning
diverting lava flows
GIS mapping
hazard resistant buildings

Question 2

what is land use zoning?

Answer 2

local governments regulating how the land is used
e.g. not building on hill slopes at risk of landslides

Question 3

what is diverting lava flows?

Answer 3

using dynamite to create channels and craters for lava to flow into away from developed areas
e.g. 1988 Mount Etna

Question 4

what is GIS mapping?

Answer 4

planning out evacuation routes
e.g. Nepal 2015

Question 5

what are hazard resistant buildings?

Answer 5

buildings that can resist a natural hazard
e.g. sloped roofs prevent ash build-up
e.g. cross bracing buildings to withstand ground shaking
elevated buildings at risk from flooding from tsunamis
seawalls built along coastlines at risk from tsunamis

Question 6

what is the aim of hazard mitigation strategies?

Answer 6

avoid, delay or prevent hazards

Question 7

what are the 6 hazard adaption strategies?

Answer 7

GIS
early warning systems
mobile phones
crisis mapping
modelling hazard impacts
public education

Question 8

what is GIS?

Answer 8

creating a hazard map of where is at a greater risk

Question 9

what is an early warning system?

Answer 9

detect tectonic activity so warnings can be sent out a people at risk can be evacuated

Question 10

how do mobile phones help with adapting to hazards?

Answer 10

governments can communicate with people on what they need to do
people trapped can let other people know

Question 11

what is crisis mapping?

Answer 11

a map created showing where people are trapped or in need of help

Question 12

how does modelling hazard impacts help with adapting to hazards?

Answer 12

scenarios can be created so there is more efficient evacuation

Question 13

how does public awareness help with adapting to hazards?

Answer 13

more people know what to do in a hazard

Question 14

what is the aim of hazard adaption strategies?

Answer 14

reduce the impacts of a hazard

Question 15

who are the 4 key players in managing loss?

Answer 15

aid donors
NGOs
private investors
local communities

Question 16

what is the role of aid donors in managing loss?
(5 points)

Answer 16

provide emergency food and clean water
provide short-term shelter
provide long-term reconstruction of roads and buildings
reliant on people donating - don’t if corrupt area
distributed by governments

Question 17

what is the role of NGOs in managing loss?
(4 points)

Answer 17

provide funds
coordinate search and rescue
develop construction plans
e.g. OXFAM

Question 18

what is the role of private insurers in managing loss?
(4 points)

Answer 18

helps recovery
provides money to rebuild and repair
very expensive
some areas may not be insured if risk is too high