11.1

Question 1

diploid cells

Answer 1

 Somatic (nonreproductive) cells of adults have 2 sets of chromosomes
 46 chromosomes
* 23 from mom, 23 from dad

Question 2

haploid cells

Answer 2

 Gametes (egg and sperm) have 1 set of chromosomes
 23 chromosomes

Question 3

germ-line cells

Answer 3

 Reproductive cells
 In testies and ovaries
 Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to make gametes

Question 4

somatic cells

Answer 4

 All cells in the body except the reproductive cells
 All diploid

Question 5

Characterize the function of meiosis in sexual reproduction.

Answer 5

o Takes a diploid cell and halfs it to make four haploid cells
o 2 rounds of division
 Meiosis i
* “reduction division”
* Results in haploid daughter cells that contain 1 homologue from each chromosome pair
 Meiosis ii
* Doesn’t further reduce the # of chromosomes
* Separates the sister chromatids for each homologue (results in haploid daughter cells)

Question 6

Describe how homologous chromosomes pair during meiosis.

Answer 6

o Genetic recombination/crossing over occurs
o Homologous “find” each other and pair up during prophase I

Question 7

Explain the process of synapsis

Answer 7

o Occurs during early prophase 1
o Unique to meiosis
o Homologous chromosomes become closely associated
o Includes formation of synaptonemal complexes
 Aka tetrads or bivalents