1102 1.8 Operating and File Systems

Question 1

What is an Operating System (OS)?

Answer 1

An OS manages a computer’s memory, storage, and all connected devices, serving as a platform for applications. It provides a user interface for humans to interact with the machine and manage files and applications.

Question 2

Name four common workstation operating systems.

Answer 2

Windows, Linux, macOS, Chrome OS

Question 3

What are the primary OS types used in cell phones and tablets?

Answer 3

iOS, Android, iPadOS

Question 4

Describe the New Technology File System (NTFS).

Answer 4

NTFS is a file system used in Windows OS that supports large file sizes, built-in file compression, encryption, and disk quotas.

Question 5

What is FAT32?

Answer 5

File Allocation Table 32 (FAT32) is a file system that supports up to 2 terabyte volumes and files up to 4 gigabytes in size.

Question 6

Explain the Third Extended Filesystem (ext3).

Answer 6

Ext3 is a journaling file system used in Linux, providing robustness and reliability for data management.

Question 7

What features does the Fourth Extended Filesystem (ext4) offer?

Answer 7

Ext4, an upgrade from ext3, offers larger file and volume sizes, faster data access, and improved disk space management.

Question 8

What is the Apple File System (APFS) optimized for?

Answer 8

APFS is optimized for SSDs with features like encryption, snapshots, and data integrity, and is used across various Apple devices.

Question 9

Describe the Extensible File Allocation Table (exFAT).

Answer 9

ExFAT is designed for flash drives, supporting larger files than FAT32 without the same limitations, and is compatible across multiple OSs.

Question 10

What are vendor life-cycle limitations?

Answer 10

These refer to the support duration and update policies set by vendors for their software, including End-of-Life (EOL) notices.

Question 11

Explain compatibility concerns between OSs.

Answer 11

Different OSs may have issues with application and hardware compatibility, requiring specific versions or adaptations of software to function properly.

Question 12

What is the main function of an OS’s user interface?

Answer 12

To allow users to interact with the computer system, managing files, running applications, and configuring settings.

Question 13

Name a significant advantage of the Windows OS.

Answer 13

High industry support, with a wide range of compatible applications and hardware.

Question 14

What is a key benefit of using Linux?

Answer 14

It’s free and open-source, with compatibility across a wide range of hardware and a large support community.

Question 15

Discuss a disadvantage of macOS.

Answer 15

Limited hardware compatibility and higher cost due to Apple’s closed system of integrated hardware and software.

Question 16

What unique about Chrome OS?

Answer 16

It is based on the Linux kernel and revolves around the Chrome browser, optimized for low-end hardware and cloud-based applications.

Question 17

How does iPadOS differ from iOS?

Answer 17

iPadOS is designed specifically for the larger screen and capabilities of tablets, supporting multitasking and desktop-class browsing.

Question 18

Describe the Android OS.

Answer 18

An open-source OS based on Linux, supported by various hardware manufacturers, offering extensive customization.

Question 19

How do OS updates impact system performance and security?

Answer 19

Updates can enhance performance, fix bugs, patch security vulnerabilities, and add new features, maintaining system health.

Question 20

Why might compatibility issues arise between different OSs?

Answer 20

Due to different system architectures, application requirements, and file systems, which may limit cross-platform functionality.

Question 21

What are the typical components of a workstation OS user interface?

Answer 21

Icons, a desktop environment, and a toolbar for quick access to system functions and applications.

Question 22

What challenges are associated with managing an OS?

Answer 22

Ensuring compatibility with various hardware and software, managing security vulnerabilities, and keeping the system updated.

Question 23

Why is a file system important in an OS?

Answer 23

It organizes and manages data storage on a disk, allowing for efficient data retrieval, storage, and management.

Question 24

What are the security considerations for OS management?

Answer 24

Protecting against malware, securing user data, and ensuring the privacy and integrity of system operations.

Question 25

How do workstation and mobile OSs differ in terms of user interface?

Answer 25

Workstation OSs are designed for keyboard and mouse interaction, while mobile OSs are optimized for touch input and smaller screens.

Question 26

What is the role of management and configuration tools in an OS?

Answer 26

To customize and control system settings, optimize performance, and configure devices and applications.

Question 27

Explain the significance of the end-of-life (EOL) policy in OS management.

Answer 27

EOL marks when an OS no longer receives updates or support, impacting security and functionality, and necessitating migration to newer versions.

Question 28

How do filesystem types affect OS usability?

Answer 28

Different filesystems offer various features affecting performance, storage limits, and compatibility with types of data and devices.

Question 29

What is the impact of open-source development on OSs like Linux?

Answer 29

It encourages community contributions, broadens support and innovation, but may also lead to variable support quality and driver availability issues.

Question 30

How does the integration of cloud services affect modern OSs?

Answer 30

It allows for lighter local system requirements, continuous updates, and integration with cloud-based storage and applications, especially in OSs like Chrome OS.