110 Cardio Embryology Flashcards
Embryology: Three early vascular systems
Embryology: 3 seuquential vein systems
Adult derivatives of embryologic veins
Cardinal derivatives:
Veins above the heart
Subcardinal:
Segment of inferior vena cava
Renal and gonadal veins
Supracardinal:
late-forming azygos system
Vitelline:
Intrahepatic inferior vena cava
Hepatic veins
Hepatic portal system
Embryology: Heart primoridum origin
cardiogenic mesoderm from the primitive streak
Left & right heart tubes merge into a single tube of endocardium, cardiac jelly and myocardium
Embryology: parts of the heart tube, formation of ventricles
Two ventricles form in sequence. Sinus venosus/atrium move up to the top of the heart.
Embryology: Blood flow separated into left and right sides by dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions
Embryology: atrial seperation
Embryology: first breath effect on foramen ovale
Atrial septal defects often occur when the foramen ovale and/or the foramen secundum are too large and overlap with each other.
Embryology: atrial septal defects
Embryology: ventricular seperation
The spiral (aortico-pulmonary) septum divides the truncus arteriosus into the aorta and pulmonary trunk and grows obliquely to fuse with the IV septum and the endocardial cushions.
Embryology: fate of sinus venosus
Embryology: Fate of the Bulbus Cordis
Embryology: fetal circulation bypass, post natal circualtion
After first breath:
– Pulmonary flow increases
– Left atrial pressure goes up
– Foramen oval closes
– Umbilical arteries constrict
– Umbilical vein collapses
– Ductus arteriosus becomes
ligamentum arteriosum
– Ductus venosus ligamentum venosum
Embryology: fate of Ductus arteriosus
Embryology: tetralogy of fallot
