1.1 structure of DNA Flashcards
What is DNA
D - deoxyribose
N - nucleic
A - acid
where is DNA located
In the nucleus of a cell
What is the function of DNA
to code for the production of all proteins within an organism
What is a DNA nucleotide made up of
- a phosphate group
- a deoxyribose ribose sugar
- a base
What type of bond do nucleotides have
Sugar phosphate bond
What type of bond is used in repeating units of nucleotides
Sugar-phosphate backbone
How many bases does DNA have
4
What are the bases
- Adenine and Thymine
- Guanine and Cytosine
What is the bond between complementary bases
Weak temporary hydrogen bonds
What is an anti parallel structure
The points where the nucleotides bond on the DNA strand at either a 5’ or 3’ carbon position
How are prokaryote chromosomes organised
Long circular chromosome
State one location (other than DNA) where prokaryotes are found
Cytoplasm
How are eukaryote chromosomes organised
Linear chromosomes tightly coiled with histones
State one location (other than DNA) where eukaryote chromosomes are found
Mitochondria (animal, fungal) Chloroplasts (plant)
What are histones
A protein that provides structural support to chromosomes
