1.1 Social Security Disability Insurance Flashcards
“What is Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)?”
Answer: “SSDI is a federal program that provides monthly benefits to individuals who are disabled and have a sufficient work history under the Social Security system.”
Explanation: “SSDI is funded through payroll taxes (FICA). Individuals must have earned sufficient work credits to qualify. This program is not means-tested.”
“What are the basic eligibility requirements for SSDI?
Answer:
“1. The claimant must have a medically determinable impairment that meets SSA’s definition of disability.”
“2. The claimant must have earned enough work credits.”
“3. The claimant must not be engaged in Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA).”
Explanation: “Work credits are earned through employment and payroll taxes. The disability must prevent SGA.”
“What are work credits, and how many are needed to qualify for SSDI?”
Answer: “Work credits are units earned based on annual income from employment. Generally, 40 credits are needed, with 20 earned in the last 10 years for most adult claimants.”
Explanation: “You can earn up to 4 credits per year. Younger workers may qualify with fewer credits based on age.”
Source: SSA Work Credit Guidelines.
“What is Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA) for SSDI in 2024?”
Answer: “$1,470 per month for non-blind individuals; $2,460 per month for blind individuals.”
Explanation: “SGA refers to a level of work activity and earnings that SSA considers substantial enough to disqualify someone from being considered disabled.”
Source: CFR §404.1574.
“How does SSDI differ from SSI?”
Answer:
“SSDI is based on work history and payroll taxes.”
“SSI is needs-based and considers income and resource limits.”
Explanation: “SSDI is an entitlement program; SSI is a welfare program.”
Case Scenario: Jane worked full-time for 15 years, contributing to Social Security through payroll taxes. She recently suffered a debilitating stroke, leaving her unable to work. Jane has sufficient work credits but has been earning $1,600 per month since her stroke due to a remote consulting job.
Question: Is Jane eligible for SSDI benefits based on her current work and medical condition?
Answer: No, Jane is not eligible for SSDI benefits because she is earning above the Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA) limit for 2025, which is $1,470 per month for non-blind individuals.
Legal Explanation: To qualify for SSDI, a claimant must:
Have sufficient work credits.
Have a medically determinable impairment that meets SSA’s definition of disability.
Be unable to engage in SGA.
Since Jane is earning $1,600 per month, she exceeds the SGA threshold, disqualifying her despite her medical impairment.
Case Scenario: John, aged 40, has worked sporadically, earning only 15 work credits in his lifetime. He was recently diagnosed with severe chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis. John applies for SSDI benefits, citing his disability.
Question: Does John qualify for SSDI benefits based on his work history and medical condition?
Answer: No, John does not qualify for SSDI benefits because he does not have sufficient work credits for his age.
Answer: No, John does not qualify for SSDI benefits because he does not have sufficient work credits for his age.
Legal Explanation: To qualify for SSDI:
Individuals aged 31–42 need at least 20 work credits earned within the last 10 years.
John’s 15 work credits are insufficient for SSDI eligibility, regardless of his medical condition. However, he may explore eligibility for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), which is based on financial need rather than work credits.
