11: PROTEIN METABOLISM

Question 1

1. What are the two main stages of protein metabolism?

(A) Protein synthesis and protein degradation
(B) Protein synthesis and protein denaturation
(C) Protein degradation and protein denaturation
(D) Protein denaturation and protein renaturation

Answer 1

(A) Protein synthesis and protein degradation

Question 2

2. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

(A) Structure
(B) Transport
(C) Communication
(D) Storage

Answer 2

(D) Storage

Question 3

3. What are some of the consequences of protein metabolism disorders?

(A) Muscle wasting
(B) Edema
(C) Immune dysfunction
(D) All of the above

Answer 3

(D) All of the above

Question 4

4. What are some of the factors that regulate protein metabolism?

(A) Diet
(B) Hormones
(C) Physical activity
(D) All of the above

Answer 4

D) All of the above

Question 5

5. What are the different types of amino acids?

(A) Essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids
(B) Amino acids and polypeptides
(C) Amino acids and proteins
(D) Amino acids and enzymes

Answer 5

(A) Essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids

Question 6

6. What is the process by which the body builds new proteins from amino acids called?
   (a) Protein synthesis
   (b) Protein degradation
   (c) Amino acid synthesis
   (d) Peptide bond formation

Answer 6

(a) Protein synthesis

Question 7

7. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

(a) Structure
(b) Transport
(c) Communication
(d) Photosynthesis

Answer 7

(d) Photosynthesis

Question 8

8. How much protein do adults need each day?

(a) 0.3 grams per kilogram of body weight
(b) 0.5 grams per kilogram of body weight
(c) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight
(d) 1.0 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer 8

(c) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight

Question 9

9. Which of the following is NOT a good source of protein?

(a) Meat
(b) Poultry
(c) Fish
(d) Rice

Answer 9

(d) Rice

Question 10

10. What is the importance of the mTOR pathway in protein metabolism?

a. Stimulating protein synthesis
b. Inhibiting protein degradation
c. Regulating cell growth and proliferation
d. All of the above

Answer 10

d. All of the above

Question 11

11. During prolonged fasting, what happens to protein metabolism?

a. Increased protein synthesis
b. Decreased protein degradation
c. Increased gluconeogenesis from amino acids
d. All of the above

Answer 11

c. Increased gluconeogenesis from amino acids

Question 12

12. Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

a. Alanine
b. Serine
c. Valine
d. Glycine

Answer 12

c. Valine

Question 13

13. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking peptide bonds during protein digestion?

a. Amylase
b. Lipase
c. Protease
d. Helicase

Answer 13

c. Protease

Question 14

14. In which cellular organelle does protein synthesis occur?

a. Mitochondria
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Nucleus
d. Golgi apparatus

Answer 14

b. Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

15. Where does the urea cycle primarily take place in the body?

a. Liver
b. Kidneys
c. Pancreas
d. Spleen

Answer 15

a. Liver