1.1 Nutrition and Canadian Diet Flashcards
What is food?
Food provides nutrients and energy
Define Nutrition
A science that studies the interactions that occur between living organisms and food
Define Nutrients
chemical substances in foods that provide energy and structure and help regulate body processes
What are processed foods?
Foods that have been specially treated or changed from their natural state; high in saturated fat, sugar, and/or salt
How healthy is the Canadian diet?
High proportion of children and adults are overweight or obese, due to the overconsumption of energy.
What are Chronic Diseases?
Non-communicable diseases that develop slowly over a lifetime and need continuing medical attention to manage and control.
What characteristics of the modern Canadian food supply may be detrimental to health?
Back in the day, time for meal preparation was measured in hours → today, microwavable dinner can be cooked in 5-minutes
What is the #1 risk factor for chronic disease?
Diet
What reduces the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and colorectal cancer?
Eating vegetables and fruits, whole grains, plant-based proteins
How many adults live with chronic diseases?
1 in 5 adults live with chronic diseases
How many kids and adults are obese?
1 in 3 kids and 2 in 3 adults are overweight or obese.
How many Canadians eat enough fruits and vegetables?
Only 1 in 3 Canadians eat enough fruits and vegetables
How many Canadians who eat grains eat whole grains?
Only 1 in 6 Canadians that eat grains eat whole grains
How many Canadians eat plant-based proteins like legumes, nuts, and seeds?
1/3 of Canadians
How many of the calories that Canadians eat come from processed or prepared foods?
Over 1/3
What is a characteristic of meals eaten away from home?
They are often higher in calories, sugar, sodium, and saturated fat
How much of their food budget do Canadians spend in places like restaurants, cafeterias, and vending machines?
30%
What is the negative risk of consuming too many sugary drinks?
Lead to a higher risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cavities
How much sugar consumed by teens is from sugary drinks?
1/3
What is the negative risk of consuming too much sodium?
It leads to high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke.
How many mg of sodium do Canadians eat a day?
Canadians eat about 3400 mg of sodium each day—more than double the amount needed
What are the top 3 leading causes of death? What is significant about them?
Cancer, Heart, Disease | All nutrition related
What do scientists measure the energy content of foods in?
Kilocalories, the same as the popular term ‘calorie’
What is the Canadian Community Health Survey?
A comprehensive survey of health-related issues, including the eating habits of Canadians, that was begun in 2000 and continues to collect data annually.
What is the Canadian Health Measures survey?
It is conducted every two years and also includes laboratory measurements & questionnaires.
How can ‘fast foods’ can break your kilocalorie ‘budget’?
Ex. A homemade sandwich would cost $2.00 and provide 320 kilocalories, while a 12-inch sub would have 500 more calories and cost $5.00
What are the two ways we can describe diet?
- In terms of food
- In terms of nutrients
What is a food guide serving?
specified size amount of food
What are directive statements?
guide people to best food choices to food groups
How can we describe the food guide in 1961?
guide has restrictive options for food
