1.1 Most important surgical interventions in urology Flashcards
Surgical procedures of kidney?
- Simple nephrectomy
- Radical nephrectomy
- Open partial nephrectomy
- Laparoscopic simple nephrectomy
- Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
- Retro-peritoneo-scopic nephrectomy
- Percutaneous nephrolithiotomy
- Extracorporeal shock wave lithiotripsy (ESWL)
define simple nephrectomy?
The surgical removal of a kidney; without Gerota´s fat capsule, lymph node, ureters and adrenal glands
define radical nephrectomy?
- Gold standard if large renal cell carcinoma.
- Removal of kidney together with:
Gerota´s fat capsule
lymph node
ureters
adrenal glands
define open partial nephrectomy?
Organ spearing. Should always be done if possible
what is ESWL?
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
externally generated shock waves, which are directed into the patient’s body and focused on the target (kidney or ureter stone).
what are the surgical procedures of the ureters?
- Nephroureterectomy (upper urinary tract tumors)
- Open pyeloplasty
- Laparoscopic pyeloplasty
- Uretero-ureterostomy: end-to-end anastomosis of the segments of the same ureter, with excision of the intervening injured or scarred ureter.
- Uretero-cysto-neostomy: anastomosis of the ureter to the bladder
- Megaureter operations
- Ureteroscopy
Surgical Procedures of the Bladder?
- Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT)
- Cysto-litheo-lapaxy
- Cysto-lithotomy (sectio alta)
- Cystectomy
- Transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB)- surgery to remove abnormal tissue (tumour) from the bladder through the urethra
- Principles of urinary diversion
- Ileum conduit
- Colon conduit
- Uretero-cutaneostomy
- Ileum neobladder (Studer)
- Ileum neobladder (Hautmann)
- Continent heterotope urostoma
(Mainz-Pouch I)
Surgical Procedures of the Prostate?
- Prostate biopsy
- Brachytherapy of the prostate
- Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)
- Greenlight laser treatment of BPH
- Suprapubic simple prostatectomy
- Retropubic simple prostatectomy (Millin)
- Retropubic radical prostatectomy
- Perineal Radical prostatectomy
- Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
- Laparoscopic pelvine lymphadenectomy
Surgical Procedures of the Penis?
- Circumcision
- Frenuloplasty
- Operations for penile deviation
- Partial penectomy
- Radical penectomy
- Inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer
- Internal urethrotomy
- Open urethral reconstruction:
reanastomosis - Open urethral reconstruction:
single-stage with tissue transfer - Open urethral reconstruction:
two-stage repair - Principles of hypospadia operations
- Mathieu hypospadia repair
- Duckett hypospadia repair
- Two-stage hypospadia repair
- MAGPI hypospadia repair
- Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIP) hypospadia repair
Pyeloplasty define
surgical reconstruction of renal pelvis to drain and decompress the kidney.
In nearly all cases, the goal is to relieve a uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction.
Anderson-Heyes pyelography
Pyeloplasty the goal is to relieve what
In nearly all cases, the goal is to relieve a ureterro-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction.
Ureteral reimplants explain
the original ureter is surgically re-positioned or reimplanted in the bladder wall.
The end of the ureter is surrounded by bladder muscle in this new position, which prevents urine from backing up (refluxing) toward the bladder.
Ureteral stent placement what is it
a thin tube inserted into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of the urine flow from the kidney.
also used in partial segmental ureter injury
Circumcision define
surgical removal of some or all of the prepuce from the penis
Cystoscopy what is it
endoscopy of urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope
Urolithotomy
: removal of renal stones
Hypospadias explain how is the procedure done to treat it
reconstruct a straight penis with a urethral opening as close to the tip of the penis as possible
Orchiopexy
move an undescended testicle into the scrotum and permanently fix it there
Catheterization types
- French scale: circumference in mm
- Transurethral (Foley) catheters: Robinson tip, Coudé tip, 2-way or 3-way Foley
*Continuous catheterization:
*Intermittent catheterization - Suprapubic catheter
Transurethral (Foley) catheters different tips
Robinson tip,
Coudé tip,
2-way or 3-way Foley
Transurethral (Foley) catheters types
- Continuous catheterization:
*Accurate monitoring of U/O
*Relief of urinary retention
*Temporary Tx for urinary incontinence
*Perineal wounds
*Post-operative - Intermittent catheterization:
*Post void residual (PVR) measurement
*Obtain sterile diagnostic specimens for urinalysis, urine C&S
*Neurogenic bladder or chronic urinary retention
Transurethral (Foley) catheters- Continuous catheterization characteristics
- Accurate monitoring of U/O
- Relief of urinary retention
- Temporary Tx for urinary incontinence
- Perineal wounds
- Post-operative
Transurethral (Foley) catheters- Intermittent catheterization characteristics
Post void residual (PVR) measurement
- Obtain sterile diagnostic specimens for urinalysis, urine C&S
- Neurogenic bladder or chronic urinary retention
Intermittent catheterization is used for
Neurogenic bladder
or
chronic urinary retention
-sterile samples for urinalysis
what is temporary treatment of urinary incontinence
Continuous catheterization:
Inpatient surgical interventions
- Nephrectomy
- Radical prostatectomy
- Pyeloplasty
- Ureteral reimplants:
- Ureteral stent placement
Outpatient surgical interventions in urology
- Circumcision
- Cystoscopy
- Urolithotomy: removal of renal stones
- Hypospadias
- Orchiopexy
- Excision hydrocele
- Repair of buried penis/penile torsion/chordee
CCU-HOER
