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ACE Group Fitness Exam > 11. Making Participant Safety A Priority > Flashcards

11. Making Participant Safety A Priority Flashcards

1
Q

What should instructors be able to recognize in a class?

A

Any observable signs and symptoms that may indicate that safety is compromised

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2
Q

What is overexertion?

A

Pushing oneself past the point of volitional control or exceeding the limits of one’s ability

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of overexertion?

A

Nausea, dizziness, loss of strength, poor form, vomiting

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4
Q

What is rhabdomyolosis?

A

The breakdown of muscle fibres resulting in the release of muscle fibre contents into circulation which are toxic to the kidney

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of exercise fatigue?

A

Improper exercise technique

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6
Q

What does executing an exercise with improper form reinforce?

A

It reinforces poor technique, increasing the likelihood that an unhealthy pattern will develop

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7
Q

What is the “instructors eye?”

A

It is conducting a quick screening of participants at the beginning of class, asking participants if they are aware of the type or intensity of the class. It is also intently watching for warning signs of exhaustion or injury recognizing and proper mechanics, extra movement patterns and signs of exhaustion.

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8
Q

In which order should instructors teach the progression and regression?

A

Teach the most basic movement first

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9
Q

What is a classic sign?

A

An objective observable indicator such as loss of coordination, or heavy coughing.

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10
Q

What is the knowledge required with regards to injuries and emergencies?

A

Basic injury and illness management as well as when to activate emergency medical services

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11
Q

When should EMS be activated?

A

It should be reserved for life-threatening situations

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12
Q

How often must an instructor renew their CPR certification?

A

Every two years

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13
Q

What is the difference between an acute versus chronic injury?

A

Acute: immediate trauma, abrupt onset of injury presenting immediate symptoms of distress

Chronic: develop gradually from repeated stress over time, an ongoing condition such as tennis elbow or diabetes

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14
Q

What do musculoskeletal injuries require?

A

Calm and swift action

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15
Q

Sprain

A

Tearing or overstretching of ligaments

Symptoms: swelling, pain, joint instability and immobility, possible discolouration

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16
Q

Strain

A

Tearing or stretching of a muscle or tendon

Symptoms: pain, local tenderness, possible discolouration, loss of strength and range of motion

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17
Q

Compound fracture

A

Bone fracture resulting in an open wound

Symptoms: boney protrusion, bleeding and possible shock. EMS required

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18
Q

Contusion

A

Bruise formed from an acute traumatic blow to the body

Sometimes: soft tissue hemorrhage, haematoma, restricted range of motion. EMS is required

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19
Q

How can an instructor respond to someone’s chronic condition?

A

Diagnosis is outside of the scope of practice but options and modifications can be given to help facilitate pain-free exercise

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20
Q

Tendinitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse

Symptoms: tenderness, localized or disbursed pain, loss of strength

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21
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa sac near a tendon or joint

Symptoms: swelling, pain and some loss of function

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22
Q

Plantar Fasciitis

A

Inflammation of the plantar surface of the foot

Symptoms: pain and tightness under the foot, worse with weight-bearing

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23
Q

Shinsplints [medial tibial stress syndrome]

A

Pain or inflammation of the soft tissues along the shinbone

Symptoms: Bone and soft tissue tenderness

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24
Q

Iliotibial [IT] band friction syndrome

A

IT band rubs against the lateral femural epicondyle in the outside of the knee resulting from overuse
Symptoms: pain, burning or tightness during running cycling or multi directional movement along the lower outside of the knee

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25
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Lateral deviation of the patella during knee extension that causes painful contact between the patella and the femur Symptoms: tenderness pain, swelling and discomfort
26
Impingements
Muscle, tendon or nerve pinched between boney structures Symptoms: local pain and tenderness, burning sensation muscle weakness and loss of range of motion and mobility
27
Lower back pain
Resulting from acute injury resulting in pain on flexion extension or rotation and loss of function
28
What are the requirements in cardio respiratory emergencies?
A clear awareness of the symptoms which include experiencing difficulty breathing or complete lack of breathing and the ability to activate CPR and EMS when the signs are present
29
Heart attack
Obstruction or blockage of blood flow to the heart Symptoms: Chest pain, pain in arms, back, neck or jaw, difficulty breathing, nausea, anxiety, lightheadedness, sweating, fatigue, syncope (disruption in the normal beating pattern of the heart)
30
Asthma attack
Swelling, inflammation or narrowing of the airways that inhibits breathing Sometimes, wheezing, coughing, pain and tightness in the chest, panic, pale face
31
Choking
Airway obstructed by object | Symptoms: coughing, loss of speech, pale or blue skin, irregular heartbeat
32
What are some of the cerebral vascular emergencies?
Stroke, concussion, seizures
33
Stroke
Lack of blood supply and oxygen to the brain Symptoms: numbness in the arms legs or face, confusion, trouble speaking, dizziness, loss of vision, balance, coordination, drooping on one side of the face, loss of consciousness
34
Concussion
Impairment of neural function as a result of direct blow to the head Symptoms: shock,blurred vision, sensitivity to light, sleep disturbance, amnesia, loss of consciousness
35
Seizures
Changes in brain activity causing mild to severe convulsions | Symptoms: convulsions, syncope, loss of coordination, clenching of the jaw, loss of bladder or bowel function
36
What is exercise induced hypoglycemia?
Low blood sugar attributed to the physiological effects of exercise Symptoms: dizziness, confusion, hunger, headache, pale skin, sweating, anxiety, weakness, poor coordination Can progress to diabetic shock with possible loss of consciousness
37
What should instructors avoid in a situation of loss of consciousness due to a metabolic emergency?
And unconscious participant should not be given anything orally in order to avoid compromising the airway
38
Which environmental emergencies should an instructor be aware of?
Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heatstroke, hypothermia Rehydration, cooling methods and calling for medical assistance if symptoms progress and participants temperature is not decreasing or vomiting and nausea is significant
39
What are common soft tissue injuries?
Lacerations, puncture, avulsions(skin tearing off) abrasions Injuries with heavy bleeding should be referred to emergency medical services
40
What about the possibility of pregnancy related emergencies
A higher chance of hypoglycaemic reaction due to lower fasting blood glucose levels Should be sure to consume foods with easily digestible sugar sources such as fruit or juice Early labour and a miscarriage require immediate emergency medical services
41
How do you recognize exercise dependence?
When the commitment to exercise becomes a higher priority than other personal commitments Symptoms: quick weight loss, extreme guilt, compulsive exercise, hair loss, dry skin, dizziness Immediate but gentle intervention
42
What is a safe early intervention strategy for many acute injuries?
RICE Rest: avoid weight-bearing activity until cleared by the physician Ice: applied every hour for 10 to 20 minutes until the tendency for swelling has passed Compression: placing a wrap on the area to minimize local swelling Elevation: lift the injured limb 6 to 10 inches above the level of the heart, helps to control swelling and reduce haemorrhage
43
What necessitates emergency medical interaction?
Injuries that result in heavy bleeding, airway instruction, labour breathing, symptoms of shock, or unconsciousness
44
What is a key component of wound care?
Maintaining a clean environment to minimize the risk of spreading blood-borne pathogen's Secure the area until emergency services arrive
45
Accident reporting
Personal details, time date and place of the accident, brief description of injury, description and information of any equipment involved, reference to any instructions given and supervision, Description of how the injury occurred, witnesses, statement of actions taken at the time of the injury, signatures of the supervisor and injured person Medical information must be kept private
46
What are the injury related responsibilities of an instructor?
1. Prevent injury through careful planning and delivering a class 2. Provide regressions for special conditions 3. Address injuries that occur in class
47
Who ultimately has control over the workout intensity?
Participant
48
How must an instructor evaluate the many new class formats?
By carefully managing the risks and providing modifications for those with limited ability
49
What are some risk factors in group fitness?
Intrinsic: pre-existing injuries, body composition, deconditioned, and imbalances Extrinsic: complexity and intensity, repetitions, surface, footwear, fatigue, equipment, climate altitude, air quality
50
Mitigate pre-existing injuries or illnesses
provide regressions, exclusions and avoid ballistics
51
Mitigate unhealthy body composition
Lower impact, basic movements, lower complexity | Intervention if eating disorder is suspected
52
Mitigate deconditioned
Fewer repetitions and sets, shorter intervals, assessment of perceived exertion, time for recovery
53
Mitigate strength and flexibility imbalance
Limited range of motion, reduce amount of joint movement, begin with dynamic flexibility, offer assistance such as yoga blocks and stretch straps Exercise pain-free
54
Mitigate complexity, intensity and speed
Teach foundational layers first | Build up
55
Mitigate repetitions and sets
Suggest lighter loads and alternate exercises to allow active recovery
56
Mitigate surface
Caution on carpet Eliminate slippery patches Beware of uneven surfaces
57
Mitigate footwear
Hybrid shoe such as a cross trainer is essential Dance classes need a lot of support and minimal tread on the soul Barefoot training is only advisable when someone is free of pre-existing conditions
58
Mitigate fatigue
Incorporate fluid breaks, create active recovery opportunities by targeting different energy systems
59
Mitigate equipment
Use according to instructions, no homemade equipment
60
Mitigate climates
Breathable clothing and fluid replacement
61
Mitigate altitude
Ascend slowly and use oxygen
62
Mitigate Air quality
Avoid going out to exercise on high alert days
63
What are the most common ways to minimize risk in a class?
Motion and stretching kept within pain-free range and intensity Gradual increase of intensity Focus on technique and proper form Avoidance of extreme range of motion Assess appropriateness of plyometric techniques with high loads Load closed kinetic chain exercises such as squats and lunges according to the tolerance of the joints Teach overhead activity modifications Proper fit of equipment

ACE Group Fitness Exam (11 decks)

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