1.1 Major Groups Of Plant Kingdom

Question 1

Plant Groups

Answer 1

Pteridophytes - ferns & horsetails
Bryophyta - moss, liverworts and hornworts
Gymnosperms - naked seeds
Angiosperms - flowering plants

Question 2

Bryophyta, key points

Answer 2

Moss, liverwort& hornworts 
Diminutive
Need water for reproduction
Contain chlorophyll, photosynthesise 
Rhizoids instead of roots to anchor it to ground
No cuticle - quickly dries out - needs moist/sheltered growing area to avoid desiccation 
Spread by spores
Free swimming sperm- for reproduction

Question 3

Examples of Pteridophytes

Answer 3

Dryopteris - fern
Adiantum cuniatum - maidenhair fern
Equisetum - Horsetail

Question 4

Seed bearing vascular plants - key facts

Answer 4

Do not require water for reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Gymnosperms and angiosperms

Question 5

Gymnosperms 7 key facts

Answer 5

1. Naked seed - not enclosed in a fruit
2. Male and female cones
3. Xerophytic characteristics - waxy, narrow leaves, sunken stomata.
4. Long lived woody perennials (trees and shrubs
5. Mostly evergreens
6. Xylem mostly tracheids
7. Phloem - no companion cells

Question 6

Angiosperms - 5 key facts

Answer 6

1. Highest order of plants
2. Grow in many environments including under water and tropics
3. Seed develops in ovary, develops into fruit
4. Xylem - tracheids and vessels
5. Double fertilisation

Question 7

Ferns

Answer 7

1. Pteridaphyta
2. True roots, leaves
3. Photosynthesis
4. Some secondary growth
5. Cuticle in leaves, less reliant on moist habitat
6. Spreads by spores
7. Reproduces with free swimming sperm