[11] KFTA - "Nervesystemet og sanseapparatet" Flashcards

1
Q

Smertens fysiologiske funktion

A

1) Beskyttelse (fjernelse af skadevolder samt immobilisering af
skadet legemsdel)
2) Adfærdsændring

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2
Q

Mediatorer for smertetransmission

A

1) Serotonin
2) Bradykinin
3) Histamin
4) Prostaglandin

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3
Q

C-fibre

A

Tynde umyeliniserede fibre

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4
Q

A-fibre

A

Tykke myeliniserede fibre

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5
Q

Perifere plastiske ændringer ved vævsskade

A

1) Øget følsomhed
2) Fænotypeskift
3) Hyperalgesi og allodyni

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6
Q

Centrale plastiske ændringer ved vævsskade

A

1) Fænotypeskift
2) Smerte som følge af ikke-smerteudløsende stimuli

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7
Q

Fantomsmerter

A

Smerter som følge af ikke-smerteudløsende stimuli

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8
Q

Multipel sclerose ætiologi

A

Multifaktorielt med både arvelig disposition og eksogene faktorer

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9
Q

Overordnet patogenese for multipel sclerose

A

Autoreaktive T-celler med specificitet mod autoantigener i CNS aktiveres udenfor CNS

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10
Q

Plaque

A

Inflammation omkring venole

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11
Q

Ætiologi for Parkinsons sygdom

A

Dopaminmangel i hjernestammen

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12
Q

Lægemidler, som kan give parkinsonistiske symptomer

A

1) Neuroleptika
2) Metoclopramid

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13
Q

Overordnede hovedgrupper af demens

A

1) Degenerative, bl.a. Alzheimers demens, Lewis body demens og fronto-temporal demens
2) Vaskulære
3) Blandingsformer
4) Sekundære som følge af anden sygdom eller mangel tilstande

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14
Q

Hyppigste type af demens

A

Alzheimers demens

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15
Q

Alzheimers demens patogenese

A

Akkumulation af nedbrydningsprodukter af amyloid precursor protein i form af beta-amyloid

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