Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PathoPharm > 1.1 Introduction to pathophysiology and pharmacology > Flashcards

1.1 Introduction to pathophysiology and pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being based on the absence of disease and illness

A

health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

an experience of unhealth, often accompanied by disease.

-May occur where no disease is found

A

illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body in an organism

A

disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

acute or chronic illness that causes physiological dysfunction

A

disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cause of disease (includes risk factor)

A

etiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how the disease process evolves

A

pathogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gross anatomic, microscopic changes

A

morphology/histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

signs and symptoms

A

manifestations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

history, physical exam, diagnostic tests

A

diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

evolution of the disease

A

clinical course

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

process of empowering people to increase control over their health and its determinants

A

health promotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

remove risk factors (no disease) ex: immunization

A

primary prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

early detection/treatment (asymptomatic disease) ex:pap smears (screenings)

A

secondary prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment of disease (clinical course) ex: antibiotics

A

tertiary prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the study of disease occurrence

A

epidemiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

number of new cases arising in a population during a specific time

A

incidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

existing disease in a population at a given point in time

A

prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

effects an illness has on a person’s life

A

morbidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

causes of death in a given population

A

mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

probable outcome and prospect of recovery

A

prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the study of biological effects of chemicals

A

pharmacology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

inorganic compounds: plants, animals products

A

natural sources of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

genetic engineering alter bacteria to produce chemicals that are therapeutic and effective

A

synthetic sources of drugs

24
Q

chemicals tested on lab animals

A

preclinical trials

25
Q

chemicals tested on human volunteers

A

phase l studies (drug evaluation)

26
Q

drug tried on informed patients

A

phase ll studies

27
Q

drug used in vast clinical market

A

phase lll studies

28
Q

continual evaluation of drug

A

phase lV studies

29
Q

pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus

A

category A: pregnancy

30
Q

animal-no risk to fetus/no studies in pregnant women/ or/ animal studies show adverse effect/risk have not been shown to pregnant women in first/last trimester

A

Category B: pregnancy

31
Q

animal studies have shown adverse effect on fetus but none in humans, the benefit from drug may be acceptable

A

category C: pregnancy

32
Q

evidence of human fetal risk but the benefits may be acceptable, despite the risk

A

Category D: pregnancy

33
Q

studies show abnormalities in both animal and human fetus/ the benefits do not outweigh the risk

A

category x: pregnancy

34
Q

must be prescribed by a physician, goes through 4 phases of evaluation

A

prescription drugs

35
Q

available without prescription, many cons

A

OTC

36
Q

has same therapeutic effect for cheaper price/ ingredients name listed

A

generic

37
Q

legal name in which the company does business/ usually patented

A

brand/trade name

38
Q

DEA monitors prescription distribution, storage, and use/ ranked by #. bigger number= less abusive risk

A

controlled substance

39
Q

high abuse potential and no acceptable medical use: heroine, LSD

A

C1

40
Q

high abuse potential with severe dependency liability: morphine; narcotics, amphetamine

A

C2

41
Q

less abuse potential with moderate dependency liability

A

C3

42
Q

less abuse with limited dependency liability

A

C4

43
Q

limited abuse potential/ may be purchased OTC

A

C5

44
Q

easily accessible, treatment at home

A

benefits OTC

45
Q

misuse, reaction w/ other medications, allergies, not enough medication, mask underlying conditions

A

risks OTC

46
Q

science of how a drug affects an organism/ chemical reaction that occurs continuously in the body

A

pharmacodynamics

47
Q

how the organism affects the drug: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

A

pharmacokinetics

48
Q

drug that occupies receptors and activates them

A

agonist

49
Q

drug that occupies receptor but does not activate them

A

antagonist

50
Q

drug that occupies receptor and decreases its function

A

inverse agonist

51
Q

age: elders absorption/ metabolism slows down
sex: different hormones
cultural: preferences
genetic: history of conditions

A

alteration of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

52
Q

the amount of drugs needed to cause a therapeutic effect

A

critical concentration

53
Q

the concentration of the drug that reaches the body depends on the pharmacokinetics of drug and how often it needs to be administered

A

dynamic equilibrium

54
Q

site of entry

A

absorption

55
Q

to the active site

A

distribution

56
Q

metabolism in the liver

A

biotransformation

57
Q

from the body

A

excretion

PathoPharm (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions