1.1 Industry And Enterprise

Question 1

What did the industrial revolution and automation lead to?

Answer 1

Before the industrial revolution most people liv d in the countryside. Automation led to the creation of factories and mills which caused more people to move in to cities which grew up and flourished. This meant that more people had money and the economy boomed

Question 2

What is automation ?

Answer 2

Automation is the use of machines to automatically carry out a task, without much human input. It can carry out a process or manufacture a whole product.

Question 3

Why is the ability to sketch designs on paper so important to designers?

Answer 3

Sketching ideas is thought to be the best way of getting down ideas. CAD however is used for development of design but it takes expertise

Question 4

How else does a computer aid design?

Answer 4

Computer Aided Testing (CAT) can be used for virtual stress testing and manufacturing testing. It can also be used to render design so that they can seek clients opinions before prototype production

Question 5

What are the systems in manufacturing?

Answer 5

Input process and output

Question 6

Advantages of automations

Answer 6

• Robots increase speed and they don’t need breaks or days off meaning that they are cheaper in the long run
• Robots are more accurate and consistent while humans are more prone to mistake. Increased quality
• Robots can be used in dangerous areas
• More skilled workers are required for maintenance

Question 7

Disadvantages of automation

Answer 7

• Fewer Jobs for less skilled humans
• Expensive to invest
• No human judgement or sense
• If a small program is wrong, no one may notice

Question 8

What has the development of the internet and communication technology enabled people to do?

Answer 8

• It has elevated teqmds of people to work collaboratively

- Designers can work on one project at the same time

Question 9

What is CNC?

Answer 9

Computer numerical control, such as laser cutting or 3d printing

Question 10

What does enterprise mean?

Answer 10

Cultivating an idea into a business proposal which is commercially viable

Question 11

What does commercially viable mean?

Answer 11

A business, product, and service which has the ability to compete effectively with it’s competitors and to make profit.

Question 12

What is a patent?

Answer 12

A legal way of registering your idea or product so that other people cannot use it without seeking permission or paying a fee. The (R) symbol next to a name shows this.

Question 13

What is crowdfunding?

Answer 13

An internet based method to gain funding from many investors who think that your idea has potential. People who invest in you are called backers and they often get a reward for investing, eg a discount, or maybe a share

Question 14

What is virtual marketing ?

Answer 14

The use of websites and social media and general digital marketing to reach a wider audience and to promote a product or idea.

Question 15

What are blogs and blogs used for?

Answer 15

To target new audiences, and attract famous people

Question 16

What is search engine optimisation?

Answer 16

A type of virtual marketing where companies pay for advertisement which appear beside search results or when companies boost their website higher up internet search results than their competition by using a lot of KEY WORDS

Question 17

What is a cooperative?

Answer 17

A type of business that is owned and run by its members, probably the workers and customers.

The members make decisions about how the business runs and the profit is shared.

They often are local shops

Question 18

Why are cooperatives a thing?

Answer 18

They enable peop,e with the same business interests to have greater protection and a bigger voice.

They are also a cost effective way of selling goods and services to the community

They are set up to protect the rights of its members and ensures that t&c’s apply

Question 19

How might the staff owners of a worker cooperative be motivated differently to staff of a non cooperative?

Answer 19

They are supported better with legal protection and a community who is willing to help them. The individual also has a bigger voice and more equal rights

Question 20

What is Fairtrade?

Answer 20

Trade between companies and producers in different(maybe developing countries) which ensures better prices, better working conditions and fair rules for traders in less developed countries.

It supports the development of thriving farms that have more control of their future and environment

Question 21

What does a Fairtrade Mark mean?

Answer 21

It means that the ingredients have been sourced from farms that meet Fairtrade Standards and environmental standards

Question 22

What are the 3 different ways of manufacturing?

Answer 22

Flexible manufacturing system(FMS)

Lean manufacturing

Just in time

Question 23

What is FMS

Answer 23

It consists of different machines which carry out different stages of production. It is computer controlled and fully automated until the finished product is stored

Question 24

Why are FMS’s flexible and what are the advantages?

Answer 24

They are flexible because they are easy to adapt. It is quick and easy to change the design of the product being manufactured and it is easy to add new machines.

Extra machines can be added to boost production

Question 25

What is lean manufacturing?

Answer 25

A method of manufacturing which minimises the amount of resources used and the waste produced. The aim is to minimise costs and maximise efficiency

Question 26

What is JIT?

Answer 26

Just in time is a system of stock control where materials and components are delivered as they are needed and used a soon as possible. Storage is not needed

Question 27

What is virtual retail?

Answer 27

Selling products and services on the internet