1.1 How does Circulation Work? (Water)

Question 1

What is Mass Flow?

Answer 1

The mass transport of liquid and all the particles it contains in one direction.

Question 2

What is the transport medium in animals?

Answer 2

Blood.

Question 3

What does Plasma Fluid contain?

Answer 3

Water and dissolved substances such as carbon dioxide, oxygen and food. Proteins amino acids, salts, enzymes, hormones, antibodies and urea waste products.
Carries cells in the blood: WBC, RBC, platelets.

Question 4

What is blood vital in regulating?

Answer 4

The body temperature and transferring energy around the body.

Question 5

Properties of Water (3)

Answer 5

• Liquid at R.T
• Polar molecule: unevenly distributed charge.
• Forms hydrogen bonds.

Question 6

High Specific Heat Capactiy

Answer 6

Cells do not heat up or cool down easily, therefore can hold a fairly stable temperature (beneficial to enzymes)

Question 7

Transparent

Answer 7

Allows photosynthesis underwater.

Question 8

Buffer

Answer 8

Water is capable of accepting and donating protons, therefore acts as a buffer.

Question 9

What is High Specific Heat Capacity?

Answer 9

The amount of energy in joules required to raise the temperature of 1cm3 of water by 1 c.

Question 10

Why does water have a High Specific Heat Capacity?

Answer 10

Water has a high specific heat capacity because a large amount of energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds

Question 11

Why is it beneficial to an organism that water has a high specific heat capacity?

Answer 11

This is useful for organism because it helps them avoid rapid changes in their internal temperature and enables them to maintain a steady temperature even when the temperature in their surroundings varies considerably.

Question 12

Water Molecules are Dipolar (3)

Answer 12

Charges are not equally distributed throughout molecule. (One part is positive the other part is negative)

2. Hydrogen atoms have a slight positive charge.
3. Oxygen atom has a slight negative charge.

Question 13

Water is an effective molecule for transporting other molecules. (6)

Answer 13

1. Water is a solvent.
2. Water is polaar.
3. Polar molecules can dissolve in water.
4. Water is viscous/fluid.
5. Water as aliquid assists mass flow.
6. Cohesion.

Question 14

High Heat Capacity of water in water for organisms in water.

Answer 14

1. A lot of energy needed to change temperature.
2. Temperature of their environment does not change much and is thermostable.
3. Metabolic rate reactions are maintained.

Question 15

What are non-polar and polar molecules?

Answer 15

Non-polar molecules do not dissolve in water and are hydrophobic.
Polar molecules dissolve in water and are hydrophilic.

Question 16

Lipids are non-polar, how are lipids transport around the body if they cannot dissolve in the transport medium?

Answer 16

Lipids combine with proteins to form lipoproteins to enable lipids to be transported around the body.