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Forest Ecology > 1.1 Glacial History > Flashcards

1.1 Glacial History Flashcards

1
Q

Where did glaciers expand from?

A

North and South Poles

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2
Q

Where were Alpine glaciers found?

A

-large mountain areas
-valleys and downhills
-thousands exist

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3
Q

Where were Continental glaciers found?

A

-not many exist
-free forming and fast moving

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4
Q

What are Abrasions?

A

Glaciers gouge and scratch land

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5
Q

What is Plucking?

A

Picks up rocks and sediment as it moves

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6
Q

What are the three major ice sheets in Canada

A

-Laurentide Ice Sheet
-Keeworth Sector
-Baffin Sector

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7
Q

When did glacial retreat start?

A

17,000 years ago

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8
Q

What where the two places not touched my glaciers in Saskatchewan?

A

-Cyprus Hills
-Wood Mountains Uplands

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9
Q

When was Southern Saskatchewan ice free?

A

12,500 years ago

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10
Q

How long ago was most of Saskatchewan ice free?

A

10,000 years ago

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11
Q

What is a Drumlin?

A

Drops of sediment in long snakey rows

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12
Q

What is a Terminal Moraine?

A

The maximum advance of a glacier

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13
Q

What is a Outwash Plain?

A

Plain formed of glaciofluvial deposits due to meltwater outwash

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14
Q

What is an Esker?

A

Rivers flowing within or under glaciers

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15
Q

What are Kettles?

A

Depressions filled within water (ice fall of glaciers)

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16
Q

What are Kames?

A

Dropping sediment all at once

17
Q

What are Grand Moraines?

A

Rocks and debris that are transported to the glacier toe in the ice and melt and dropped

18
Q

What is Glacial Till?

A

Glacial sediment

19
Q

What are is a Glacial Erratic?

A

Large stones or boulders dropped by glaciers

20
Q

What are Primary Deposits?

A

Material dropped by the glaciers

21
Q

What are Secondary Deposits?

A

Materials are reworked by the wind, water, etc.

22
Q

What are examples of Eolian Deposits? (Wind deposits)

A

-sand dunes
-silt

23
Q

How is Hummocky Topography created?

A

By shifting water

24
Q

How are Lacustrine Deposits created? (Lake Deposit)

A

Solids settle then solidify to create a new layer, this process keeps repeating. Takes a long time to happen

25
Q

How is Level Topography created?

A

Deposits and Erosion

26
Q

How does Undulating Topography form?

A

Forms more often on edges of glacial lakes

27
Q

How do Fluvial Deposits form?

A

Materials settle on the bottom of river beds, or are transported by rushing water

28
Q

How do Alluvial Deposits form?

A

Rushing water carries sand and other particles through streams and rivers. As the streams flatten out the particles are dropped in the channels

Forest Ecology (7 decks)

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