11 body systems (CURD SLIME RN)

Question 1

Integumentary (skin)

Answer 1

Consists of the skin and the
various accessory organs associated with it:
* Hair
* Nails
* Sweat glands
* Sebaceous glands (oil)
The components of the integumentary system:
* Protect the underlying tissues from injury
* Protect against water loss
* Contain sense receptors
* Help in temperature regulation
* Synthesize chemicals in other parts of the body

Question 2

Cardiovascular (Heart)

Answer 2

Consists of:
* Heart
* The blood
* Blood vessels
* Blood transports nutrients, hormones & oxygen to the tissues and removes waste products such as carbon dioxide.
* Certain cells within blood defend the body against disease
* The heart acts as a pump to create forces necessary to maintain blood pressure to circulate the blood
* The blood vessels serve as pipes or channels for the flow of blood

Question 3

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Answer 3

Consists of a series of vessels that transport fluid (lymph) from the tissues back to the blood
This system includes lymph nodes and lymphoid organs which filter the lymph to remove foreign particles as a
protection against disease
* Tonsils
* Spleen
* Thymus
Lymphoid organs also function in the body’s defence mechanism by enhancing the activities of certain blood cells that produce immunity by activating certain pathogenic agents

Question 4

Respiratory

Answer 4

Consists of:
* Nasal cavities
* Pharynx
* Larynx
* Trachea
* Bronchi
* Lungs
Function is to bring oxygen in the form of air into the lungs,
remove the carbon dioxide and provide a membrane for the
exchange of the gases between the blood and the lungs

Question 5

Nervous

Answer 5

Consists of:
* The brain
* The spinal cord
* Associated nerves
These organs work together to co ordinate body activities
Nerve cells (neurons) are specialized to transmit impulses from one point to another or to detect changes in the
environment
In this way, body parts can communicate with each other and the outside environment

Question 6

Digestive

Answer 6

Consists of:
* Mouth
* Oesphagus
* Stomach
* Small intestine
* Large intestine
And accessory organs:
* Teeth, Tongue & Salivary glands
* Liver & Gall bladder
* Pancreas
The function is to ingest food, process it into molecules that can be used by the body, and then to eliminate the residue.

Question 7

Urinary

Answer 7

Consists of:
* Kidneys
* Ureters
* Urinary bladder
* Urethra
The function is to remove waste products (especially nitrogenous wastes) from the blood and help regulate the fluid level and chemical content of the body. The product of kidney function is urine and the urinary bladder is the storage reservoir

Question 8

Skeletal

Answer 8

Consists of bones & joints along with ligaments that bind the
bones together.
Functions:
* Forms the framework of the body and protects underlying organs such as:
* Brain
* Lungs
* Heart
* Bones serve as attachments for muscle to produce movement
* Tissue within bones produce blood cells and store inorganic salts containing calcium & phosphorus

Question 9

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Answer 9

Muscles are the organs of the muscular system
Functions:
* As muscles contract they create the forces that produce movement and maintain posture
* Muscles can store energy in the form of glycogen and are the primary source of heat within the body

Question 10

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (Hormones)

Answer 10

Includes all the glands that secrete chemicals called hormones that travel through the blood to act as messengers to regulate cellular activities This system acts slowly and with sustained effect
It works with the nervous system to co ordinate and regulate body activities to maintain a proper balance
It also regulates reproductive functions in both males & females

Question 11

Reproductive System

Answer 11

Concerned with the production of new individuals
Female:
* Produces ova or eggs
* Receives sperm from the male
* Provides for the support and development of the embryo & foetus
Male:
* Production & maintenance of sperm & the transfer of these cells to the female