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Mycoviro (Prelim) > 1.1 Basic Virology > Flashcards

1.1 Basic Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Slimy liquid, poison is a _________ Word for virus?

A

Latin

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2
Q

NOTE: VIRUS is named due to reason for the rapid spread

A
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3
Q

Who showed that a disease in tobacco was caused by a virus?

A

Ivanovski and Beijerinck

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4
Q

Who discovered an animal virus that causes foot and mouth disease in cattle?

A

Loeffler and Frosch

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5
Q

Loeffler and Frosch discovered virus that causes foot and mouth disease in what animal?

A

Cattle

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6
Q

Year of discovery for virus that causes foot and mouth disease in cattle and the tobacco was caused by virus?

A

1890s

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7
Q

Who first proposed the term Virus

A

Louis pasteur

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8
Q

True or False, Virus cannot exist independently from the host cell, so aren’t considered living things

A

TRUE

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9
Q

What is the proteins shell or the external coat of Virus?

A

Capsid

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10
Q

Lack enzymes and lack machinery ? T or F?

A

T

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11
Q

High specificity of host cell? T or F?

A

T

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12
Q

The period of time between infection by a virus and the appearance of the mature virus within the cell?

A

Eclipse period

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13
Q

What do you call a virus with no envelope?

A

Naked virus

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14
Q

Capsid + Nucleic acid?

A

Nucleocapsid

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15
Q

Fully formed virus that is able to establish an infection in a host cell

A

Virion

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16
Q

Part of the virus where it is used for attachment due to exposed glycoproteins?

A

Spike (Peplomers)

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17
Q

Covers the nucleocapsid?

A

Envelope

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18
Q

Viral capsid is made of protein molecule that is constructed from identical subunits called?

A

Capsomers

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19
Q

3 types of Viral capsid?

A

Helical

Icosahedral

Complex

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20
Q

Functionst of Viral capsid?

A

Protect

Help introduce DNA or RNA

Stimulate immune system

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21
Q

The sum total of the genetic information carried by an organism

A

Genome

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22
Q

Virus only have genes necessary to invade host cells and redirect their activity T or F?

A

TRUE

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23
Q

Parvovirus contains _____ Stranded DNA

A

Single

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24
Q

All Virus are double stranded DNA except?

A

Parvovirus

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25
Q

All Virus are Single stranded RNA except?

A

Reoviruses

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26
Q

Reoviruses are ______ Stranded RNA

A

Double stranded

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27
Q

2 types of dsDNA?

A

Linear
Circular

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28
Q

NOTE: Central dogma (Replication, Translation, Transcription)

A
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29
Q

RNA are mostly ______ Stranded

A

Single

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30
Q

Genomes that are ready for immediate translation into proteins

A

Positive sense RNA

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31
Q

Genomes have to be converted into the proper form to be made into proteins

A

Negative sense RNA

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32
Q

Individual Genes exist on separate pieces of RNA

A

Segmented

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33
Q

Example of DNA viruses that are ENVELOPED Double stranded genome?

A

Poxviruses
Herpesviruses

34
Q

Example of DNA viruses that are NONENVELOPED Double stranded genome?

A

Adenoviruses (Linear)
Papovaviruses (Cirular)

35
Q

Example of DNA viruses that are NONENVELOPED Single stranded genome?

A

Parvoviruses

36
Q

Example of RNA viruses that are ENVELOPED Single stranded genome that encodes reverse transcriptase??

A

Retroviruses

37
Q

Example of RNA viruses that are ENVELOPED Single stranded genome that are segmented?

A

OBA

Orthomyxoviruses
Bunyaviruses
Arenaviruses

38
Q

Example of RNA viruses that are ENVELOPED Single stranded genome that are Non segmented genome?

A

Paramyxoviruses
Rhabdoviruses
Filoviruses
Coronaviruses

CRaF/P

39
Q

Example of RNA viruses that are NONENVELOPED Single stranded genome?

A

Picornaviruses
Caliciviruses

40
Q

Example of RNA viruses that are NONENVELOPED Double stranded genome?

A

Reoviruses

41
Q

Suffix for families in virus?

A

Viridae

42
Q

Classify viruses with 7 groups

A

David Baltimore’s Classification

43
Q

What are the 7 groups?

A

I - dsDNA viruses
II - ssDNA viruses
III - dsRNA viruses
IV - Positive sense single stranded RNA viruses
V - Negative sense single stranded RNA viruses
VI - Positive sense Reverse transcribing RNA viruses
VII - Positive sense Reverse transcribing DNA viruses

44
Q

Most are ds, show icosahdral symmetry and replicate in the nucleus

A

Group I, II, and VII

45
Q

Only ssDNA

A

Parvoviridae

46
Q

In group I, II, and VII, what viridae has complex DNA which can replicates in the cytoplasm?

A

Poxviridae

47
Q

Example of dsDNA?

A

Herpes
Adeno
Papilloma
Pox
Polyoma

48
Q

Example of ssDNA (+) sense DNA?

A

Parvo
Anello - No associated disease

49
Q

Example of dsRNA?

A

Reoviridae

50
Q

In reoviridae, what causes diarrhea causing virus?

A

Rotavirus

51
Q

In reoviridae, what is used for the model for virus studies?

A

Reovirus

52
Q

In reoviridae, what causes colorado tixk fever?

A

Coltivirus

53
Q

in Single stranded RNA viruses (+) sense RNA, what causes severe acute respiratory syndrome COV?

A

Coronaviridae

54
Q

Example of Picornaviridae?

A

Hepatovirus A
Poliovirus
Rhinovirus

55
Q

Example of Calciviridae?

A

Norwalk
Hepatitis E

56
Q

in Single stranded RNA viruses (+) sense RNA, what causes Yellow fever, west nile, Dengue, Zika, Japanese En, Hepatitis C and G?

A

Flaviviridae

57
Q

in Single stranded RNA viruses (+) sense RNA, what causes Rubella, Chikungunya?

A

Togaviridae

58
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes Marburg and Ebola?

A

Filoviridae

59
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes Measles, Mumps, Nipah

A

Paramyxoviridae

60
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes RSV?

A

Pneumoviridae

61
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes rabies?

A

Rhabdoviridae

62
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes Lassa virus, Machupo virus?

A

Arenaviridae

63
Q

(-)ssRNA Viruses (-) sense RNA, what causes Influenza?

A

Orthomyxoviridae

64
Q

ssRNA-RT viruses (+) sense RNA with DNA intermediate in life cycle, what causes HIV?

A

Retroviridae

65
Q

What are the process of multiplication of viruses

A

Adsorption
Penetration
Uncoating
Synthesis
Assembly
Release

66
Q

During synthesis, this enter host cells nucleus where they are replicated and assembled

A

DNA viruses

67
Q

During synthesis, it replicated and assembled in the cytoplasm

A

RNA viruses

68
Q

During release, what happens to nonenveloped and complex viruses?

A

Released through cell lyses or ruptures

69
Q

During release, what happen to the enveloped viruses?

A

Release through budding or excytosis

70
Q

How long it takes for the entire cycle of viruses multiplying?

A

8 to 36 hrs

71
Q

Virus induced damage to the cell that alters its mircoscopic appearance

A

Cytopathic effect

72
Q

Viruses enter their host cell and permanently alter it genetic material, leading to cancer, this effect called?

A

Transformation

73
Q

Viruses causes cancer

A

Oncoviruses

74
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria?

A

Bacteriophage

75
Q

Special DNA phages that undergo adsorption and penetration but are not replicated or released immediately

A

Temperate phages

76
Q

The cell’s progeny will also have temperate phage

A

Lysogeny

77
Q

When a bacterium acquires a new trait from its temperate phage

A

Lysogenic conversion

78
Q

A chronic, persisten disease that has long period of latency and causes deposition of protein fibers in the brain tissues which are called prions

A

Spongiform encephalopathies

79
Q

Defective form of viruses

A

Satellite viruses

80
Q

Virus that Parasitize plants which composed only naked strands of RNA

A

Viroids

Mycoviro (Prelim) (8 decks)

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