1.1 Atomic Structure Flashcards
Are protons positively charged or negatively charged?
Positively charged.
What 3 particles make up the centre of an atom?
Electrons, protons and neutrons.
Are electrons positively charged or negatively charged?
Negatively charged.
What is the atomic number of an atom?
A) The number of protons and electrons it contains.
B) The number of protons it contains.
C) The number of electrons it contains.
B) The number of protons it contains.
Are neutrons electrically charged or neutral.
Neutrons are neutral.
True or false:
The total number of electrons in an atom is always the same as the number of protons in the nucleus. This means atoms have no overall electrical charge.
True.
Is the atom more reactive with a full outer shell or less reactive?
Less reactive.
How do you work out the number of shells with the period number?
Moving across each period, you can see that the number of shells is the same as the period number. For example if it is the 1st period then it will only have 1 shell or if it is the 4th periods it will have 4 shells.
What happens when there is:
1) A loss of electrons?
2) A gain of electrons?
1) In a reaction with a non-metal, each alkali metal atom loses its outer electron and becomes an ion with a single positive charge, +1.
2) In a reaction with a metal, each halogen atom gains an outer electron and becomes an ion with a single negative charge, -1.
What is the general formula for saturated compound?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for an unsaturated compound?
CnH2n
How many electrons are you allowed on the 3rd shell?
8
Where are protons and neutrons found in an atom?
They are found in the nucleus.
Li 3
7
If you have lithiums structure like this, how many electrons will be on the outer shell?
1 on the outer shell
What does the atomic number tell you?
The number of protons and electrons.
What are you finding out the number of if you take away the atomic number away from the atomic mass?
The number of neutrons.
Is an atom more or less reactive with a full outer shell? Why?
Less
Because there is no room for reactions to take place if the outer shell is full.
If oxygen gains 2 electrons through ionic bonding will it be (2-) or (2+)? Why?
(2-) because electrons have a negative charge.
What does a full outer shell make the atom more?
Stable
What is the general formula for saturated compound?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for an unsaturated compound?
CnH2n
How many electrons are you allowed on the 3rd shell?
8
Where are protons and neutrons found in an atom?
They are found in the nucleus.
Li 3
7
If you have lithiums structure like this, how many electrons will be on the outer shell?
1 on the outer shell
What does the atomic number tell you?
The number of protons and electrons.
What are you finding out the number of if you take away the atomic number away from the atomic mass?
The number of neutrons.
Is an atom more or less reactive with a full outer shell? Why?
Less
Because there is no room for reactions to take place if the outer shell is full.
What formula do alkanes follow?
CnH2n+2
What formula do alkenes follow?
CnH2n
How do you know how many protons are in an element based upon what you see in the periodic table?
Check the atomic number
How do you know how many electrons are in an element based upon what you see in the periodic table?
Check the atomic number, there are equal protons and electrons
What do all elements in group 0 have in common?
They all have a full outer shell
What is the cluster of neutrons and protons in the centre of the atom called?
The nucleus
What is the electrical charge of a proton?
Positive
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What is a atom of the same element with different numbers of neutrons called
Isotope
True or false?
You can have 8 electrons on the first shell
False
Which 2 particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
