1.1

Question 1

Each DNA strand has a ________ or ________ which runs from a _______ end to a _________ end

Answer 1

Polarity
Direction
5’ (5 prime)
3’ (3 prime)

Question 2

Phosphate = \_\_ end
Deoxyribose = \_\_ end

Answer 2

5’

3’

Question 3

A DNA molecule consists of __ strands that run in ________ ________ and are called _________ _________

Answer 3

2
Opposite directions
Anti-parallel strands

Question 4

The strand can only grow by adding nucleotides to the ____ end of an existing strand

Answer 4

3’

Question 5

Writes notes on the structure of DNA (5)

Answer 5

1. Double strand of nucleotides/ double helix
2. Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and base
3. Sugar phosphate backbone
4. Complementary base pairs are; A-T and C-G
5. Hydrogen bonds between bases
6. Anti-parallel structure with deoxyribose and phosphate at 3’ and 5’ ends

Question 6

DNA can be organized in a ______ or ______ for depending on the type of cell.

Answer 6

Circular

Linear

Question 7

Two types of cell

Answer 7

Prokaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells

Question 8

Prokaryotes have no _________ and no _________ (e.g. no mitochondria, no chloroplasts) but do have ________

Answer 8

Nucleus
Organelles
Ribosomes

Question 9

DNA is organized as circular chromosomes and small rings of circular DNA called ________

Answer 9

Plasmids

Question 10

Prokaryotes are ________

Answer 10

Bacteria

Question 11

Eukaryotes are ________, ________, ________

Answer 11

Animals
Plants
Fungi

Question 12

Eukaryotes have a _________ and many __________ (e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts)

Answer 12

Nucleus

Organelles

Question 13

Organisation of chromosomal DNA in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Answer 13

Prokaryotes: ring of DNA with a few or no proteins associated
Eukaryotes: linear DNA with associated proteins

Question 14

Linear DNA is tightly coiled around bundles of _______ called _______

Answer 14

Protein

Histones

Question 15

Chromosomes are composed of ______ DNA and protein

Answer 15

Both