11/4: Biology of Stroke

Question 1

What is a stroke?

Answer 1

A stroke is a neurologic deficit due to interruption of blood flow to the brain by a blocked or ruptured blood vessel.

Question 2

Stroke Facts

Answer 2

Third leading cause of death
- Over 160,000 death per year
750,000 strokes per year

Over 4 million stroke survivors

Leading cause of adult disability
- Of those who survive, 90% have deficit

Question 3

Cerebrovascular Disease Pathogenesis:

Ischemic Stroke

Answer 3

Ischemic Stroke =83% of all strokes

• Atherothrombotic Cerebrovascular Disease (20%)
• Cryptogenic (30%)
• Lacunar (25%)
  (Small vessel disease)
• Embolism (20%)

Question 4

Cerebrovascular Disease Pathogenesis:

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Answer 4

Hemorrhagic Stroke (17% of all stroke)

Intracerebral Hemorrhage (59% of all hemorrhagic strokes)

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (41%)

Question 5

Risks Factors for Ischemic Stroke:

Modifiable Risks

Answer 5

Hyprtension
CAD/Carotid Disease/PVD
Atrial Fibrillation
Diabetes
Weight
High Cholesterol/Diet
Lack of exercise
ETOH/Drug abuse
Coagulopathy- Cancer, Sickle Cell Anemia
PFO- Patent Foramen Ovale