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Question 1

1st Layer of Foot Muscles

Answer 1

1. Adductor Hallucis-
O: calcaneus
I: proximal phalanx of great toe
A: adducts great toe
N: medial plantar nerve (S1-S3)

2. Flexor digitorum brevis-
O: calcaneus
I: middle phalanges of 2-5th digit
A: flex MTP and PIP of 2-5th digit
N: medial plantar nerve

3. Abductor digiti minimi-
O: calcaneus
I: proximal phalanx of 5th digit
A: abducts 5th digit
N: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

Question 2

2nd Layer of Foot Muscles

Answer 2

1. Quadratus Plantae-
O: calcaneus
I: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
A: assists flexor digitorum longus
N: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

2. Lumbricals (4)
   O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
   I: medial side of extensor expansions
   A: flexes MTP joints and extends IP joints of 2-5th digits
   N: first is medial plantar nerve, 2-4th is lateral plantar nerve

Question 3

3rd layer of Foot Muscles

Answer 3

1. Flexor Hallucis brevis-
O: cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones
I: proximal phalanx of great toe
A: flexes MTP joint of big toe
N: medial plantar nerve (S1-S3)

2. Adductor Hallucis-
   O: transverse head- capsule of MTP joints 3-5
   Oblique head- bases of 2-4 metatarsals
   I: proximal phalanx of great toe
   A: adducts great toe
   N: lateral plantar nerve (deep branch)

3. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis-
O: 5th metatarsal 
I: proximal phalanx of 5th digit
A: flexes MTP of 5th digit
N: lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch)

Question 4

4th layer of Foot Muscles

Answer 4

1. Dorsal interossei (4)
O: adjacent sides of metatarsals
I: sides of phalanges of 2-4th digit
A: abducts toes (DAB)
N: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

2. Plantar interossei (3)
O: sides of 3-5th metatarsals
I: medial sides of 3-5th proximal phalanges
A: adducts toes (PAD)
N: lateral plantar nerve