1.1

Question 1

All cells store their genetic code in the

Answer 1

Base sequence of DNA

Question 2

Genotypes made of

Answer 2

The sequence of DNA bases

Question 3

DNA shape

Answer 3

• Double stranded
• Double helix
• Anti-parallel strands

Question 4

DNA molecule made of

Answer 4

Two chains of nucleotides

Question 5

DNA nucleotide made of

Answer 5

• Phosphate
• Deoxyribose sugar
• base

Question 6

Sugar phosphate backbone formed when

Answer 6

The phosphate and deoxyribose sugar join

Question 7

What is complimentary base pairing

Answer 7

Bases that pair up

Question 8

What bases are complimentary

Answer 8

Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine

Question 9

What are bases held together with

Answer 9

Hydrogen bonds

Question 10

5’ end joins at

Answer 10

A phosphate group

Question 11

3’ end joins at

Answer 11

The deoxyribose sugar

Question 12

Nucleotides are added to the

Answer 12

3’ end

Question 13

Antiparallel?

Answer 13

Each strand of DNA runs in opposite directions

Question 14

Why is DNA antiparallel

Answer 14

To allow complimentary bases to pair up

Question 15

Organisation of DNA in prokaryotes

Answer 15

• Single circular chromosomes
• Smaller circular plasmids

Question 16

Organisation of DNA in eukaryotes

Answer 16

Nucleus - Linear chromosomes tightly coiled and packaged with proteins called histones

Mitochondria and chloroplasts - Circular chromosomes

Question 17

Organisation of DNA in yeast

Answer 17

Same as eukaryotes but also contains circular plasmids