1.1-1.2 Flashcards
What is the goal of science
To investigate and an organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world
What is science
An organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world
What is observation
The process of gathering information about events or processes in a carefully and orderly way
Quantitive data
Includes numbers
Qualitative data
Characteristics that cannot be easily measured or counted
What is an inference
A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience
What is a hypothesis
A proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations
What are three ways from which hypotheses may arise
Logical inference
Prior knowledge
Informed, creative imagination
What do scientists assume about the
That it is a system or a collection of parts and processes that interact
What are some qualities that are desirable in a scientist
Open minded, skeptical
The idea that life can arise from nonliving matter is called
Spontaneous generation
What are variables in an experiment
Factors that can change
How many variables should an experiment test at
One
When he variables kept on change in an experiment it is
Controlled variable
What is a controlled experiment
An experiment where one variable is changed at a time
Manipulated variable
The variable that is deliberately changed
Responding variable
The variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable
For what do scientists use the data from a controlled experiment
To see the outcome of the experiment and to test the hypothesis
When scientists look for explanations for specific observations, what do they assume about nature
The patterns in nature are consistent
Why do scientists assumed that experimental results can be reproduced
Nature behaves in a constant matter
What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek discover
Tiny animals
In animal field studies, why do scientists usually try to work without making the animals aware that humans are present
So that the animals are not disturbed
When a controlled experiment is not possible, why do scientists try to identify as many relevant variables as possible
So that small differences do not produce miss leading results
The theory that new organisms come from existing organisms is called
Biogenesis
In science, what is a theory
A particular hypothesis that is very well supported
Discovery science
Observe, measure, describe
Inductive reasoning
Derives the general principles from specific observations
Deductive reasoning
Uses general principles to predict specific outcomes
Constants
Factors kept the same for all trials
Control group
Factor being tested is absent, or is the normal value
Independent variable
The factor you change, what you do to your experiment
Dependent variable
What happens as a result of that treatment, what you are measuring
