1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

themes of life

A

structure determines function
evolution
information

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2
Q

independent variable

A

factor manipulated or changed by the researchers

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3
Q

dependent variable

A

factor that the researchers are measuring in relationship to independent variable

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4
Q

control group

A

the standard group that is used to compare to the experimental group and is not exposed to the independent variable

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5
Q

experimental group

A

group that is exposed to the independent variable

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6
Q

regression line

A

can be expressed as a mathematical equation and allows you to predict the value of the dependent variable for any value of the independent variable within the range of the data set and, less commonly, beyond the range of the data - Is ALWAYS a straight line that best fits the data

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7
Q

histogram

A

a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.

when to use…
The data are numerical.
You want to see the shape of the data’s distribution, especially when determining whether the output of a process is distributed approximately normally.
Analyzing whether a process can meet the customer’s requirements.

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8
Q

negative control group

A

is not exposed to any experimental treatment or any other treatment that will have an affect

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9
Q

positive control group

A

is not exposed to experimental treatment but is exposed to some other treatment that is known to produce the expected effect

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10
Q

line graph

A

a graph in which points representing values of a variable for suitable values of an independent variable are connected by a broken line.

Line graphs are used to track changes over short and long periods of time. When smaller changes exist, line graphs are better to use than bar graphs. Line graphs can also be used to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.

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11
Q

bar graph

A

which each column (plotted either vertically or horizontally) represents a categorical variable

Bar charts should be used when you are showing segments of information. Vertical bar charts are useful to compare different categorical or discrete variables, such as age groups, classes, schools, etc., as long as there are not too many categories to compare. They are also very useful for time series data.

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