10C. Interactions between species

Question 1

Population size

Answer 1

total number of members in any given population

Question 2

Carrying capacity

Answer 2

maximum population size that an environment can sustain

Question 3

Things that affect population size

Answer 3

Immigration (arriving), Emigration (leaving), births and deaths

Question 4

Population growth formula:

Answer 4

Future population = initial population + births – immigration + deaths – emigration

Question 5

Greater disease prevalence within a population may lead to

Answer 5

an increase in deaths

Question 6

Less resources available may cause

Answer 6

Emigration

Question 7

Distribution of population can change due to

Answer 7

environmental factors like, temperature, rainfall, invasive species, and habitat loss

Question 8

Population density

Answer 8

number of individuals in a population per unit area.

Question 9

Density-independent

Answer 9

environmental factors that aren’t affected by population density. E.g. climate, natural disasters

Question 10

Density-dependent

Answer 10

environmental factors that get stronger as population density increases. E.g. disease, predation, competition

Question 11

Symbiosis

Answer 11

an interaction between two organisms of different species living in close proximity to each other.

Question 12

Mutualism

Answer 12

(+/+)
BOTH species experience some overall benefit

Question 13

Commensalism

Answer 13

(+/0)
One organism gains benefit while the other, neither benefit nor harmed

Question 14

Predation

Answer 14

(+/-)
One organism hunts and kills another organism for food. Predator benefits from obtaining food. Prey is harmed as it’s food for the predator.

Question 15

Parasitism

Answer 15

(+/-)
One organism obtains nutrients at the expense of a host organism

Question 16

Amensalism

Answer 16

(0/-)
One organism experiences some negative effect, the other experiences neither a benefit nor negative effect

Question 17

Competition

Answer 17

(-/-)
2+ organisms competing for the same resources with no winners.

Question 18

Keystone species

Answer 18

species whose effects on an ecosystem are greater than expected relative to its population size

Question 19

Keystone species play a much larger role in maintaining

Answer 19

ecosystem structure and composition

Question 20

Apex predators

Answer 20

Control numbers of the prey and number of other organisms in an ecosystem

Question 21

Ecosystem engineers

Answer 21

Interact and significantly change the physical environment of their ecosystem

Question 22

Mutualism example

Answer 22

Algae living inside coral tissue. Algae provide glucose and oxygen for the coral and the coral gives the algae a safe place to live

Question 23

Commensalism example

Answer 23

A bird nesting in a tree, as the bird is benefiting for shelter while the tree is not affected.

Question 24

Predation example

Answer 24

Predator = lion; prey = zebra.

Question 25

Parasitism example

Answer 25

Ticks living in a host like possums.

Question 26

Amensalism example

Answer 26

Cows walking on grass, grass is affected

Question 27

Competition example

Answer 27

Weeds growing in a vegetable garden