10B - The Gas Laws

Question 1

Theory: What are the four quantities necessary to describe a sample of gas?

Answer 1

1. Temp
2. Volume
3. Moles
4. Pressure

Question 2

Def: What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 2

The volume of a fixed quantity of gas maintained at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the pressure.
P1V1 = P2V2

Question 3

Def: What is Charles’s Law?

Answer 3

The volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at a
constant pressure is directly proportional to its change in
temperature.
V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 4

Def: What is absolute zero?

Answer 4

0 K. Temperature in which gas molecules have no kinetic energy as all motion stops. -273 C.

Question 5

Def: What is Avogadro’s’ Law?

Answer 5

For a confined gas, the volume (V) and number of moles (n)
are directly proportional if P and T remain constant.
V1/n1 = V2/n2

Question 6

Def: What is Amonton’s/Guy Lusaac’s Law?

Answer 6

Pressure increases with an increase in temperature for any sample of gas where volume and amount are held constant.
P1/T1 = P2/T2

Question 7

Def: What is the ideal gas Law?

Answer 7

States that relationship between pressure,
volume, moles and temperature for any ideal gas.
PV = nRT

Question 8

Def: What is the combined gas law?

Answer 8

P1V1/T1n1 = P2V2/T1n2

Question 9

Theory: How can the ideal gas law be applied to find mass or molar mass?

Answer 9

n = m/MM
PV = (m/MM)RT

Question 10

Theory: What is the relationship between Molar Mass and density using ideal gas law?

Answer 10

MM = mRT/PV
m/V = p (rho)
MM = pRT/P

Question 11

Def: What is molar volume.

Answer 11

Volume of one mole of an ideal gas at STP.
V = nRT/P
n = 1 mol
T = 273 K
P = 1 atm