10.7 Adaptations Flashcards
1
Q
define adaption and state the three types
A
adaption- features enabling the organism to survive in their habitat
- anatomical = physical structure
- physiological = body processes
- behavioural = how an organism acts
2
Q
4 examples of anatomical adaptions
A
- predators have sharp teeth to kill and chew prey and a strong jaw
- camouflage to blend into its environment to hide from predators
- body coverings such as hair, scales, feathers and shell to provide protection and for warmth
- mimicry copying another organisms appearance or sound fools predators into thinking its poisonous or dangerous
3
Q
3 examples of behavioral adaptions
A
- seasonal behavioral eg migration (leaving when conditions arent favorable and returning when they are) and hibernation (a period of inactivity reducing metabolic activity)
- plants open stomata in dry conditions to wilt the leaves reducing the SA of the leaves thats exposed to the sun reducing transpiration
- some animals play dead if they think they have been seen by predators
4
Q
3 examples of physiological behaviors
A
- producing a poison eg some reptiles and plants produce a poison
- some mammals kidneys extract water from urine to reduce the need to drink or find water
- antibiotic production some bacteria produce antibiotics to kill other bacteria in surrounding areas
5
Q
whats convergent evolution and an example
A
organisms from different taxonomic groups share similar anatomical features they have analogous structures - their features are adapted to perform the same function but have different genetic origin
eg the marsupial mole and the placental mole both have a streamline body and strong arms for digging through soil
