106 User Interfaces and Desktops KT Flashcards
106.1 Install and configure X11
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
/etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ ~/.xsession-errors xhost xauth DISPLAY X
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
Xorg uses a configuration file called xorg.conf and files ending in the suffix .conf from the directory xorg.conf.d for its initial setup.
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
The /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ directory stores user-specific configuration.
~/.xsession-errors
xsession-errors file is where the X Window system logs all errors that occur within the Linux graphical environment.
xhost
Command: The xhost program is used to add and delete host names or user names to the list allowed to make connections to the X server.
xhost [[+-]name …]
xauth
Command: The xauth program is used to edit and display the authorization information used in connecting to the X server.
xauth [ -f authfile ] [ -vqibn ] [ command arg … ]
DISPLAY
Environment: DISPLAY to get the default host and display to use.
X
The X Window System is a network transparent window system which runs on a wide range of computing and graphics machines.
106.2 Graphical Desktops
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
KDE Gnome Xfce X11 XDMCP VNC Spice RDP
KDE
KDE stands for K Desktop Environment. It is a desktop environment for Linux based operation system.
Gnome
Gnome is a desktop environment for Linux based operation system. GNOME was originally an acronym for GNU Network Object Model Environment.
Xfce
Xfce is a lightweight desktop environment for UNIX-like operating systems.
X11
X11 is a network protocol designed for Unix and similar operating systems to enable remote graphical access to applications.
XDMCP
XDMCP is a remote desktop protocol. This protocol is insecure and uses a large amount of bandwidth due to lack of compression.
VNC
VNC is a graphical desktop sharing system that allows you to remotely control the desktop interface of one computer (running VNC Server) from another computer.
Spice
The SPICE project aims to provide a complete open source solution for remote access to virtual machines in a seamless way.
RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection.
106.3 Accessibility
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes. Screen Reader. Braille Display. Screen Magnifier. On-Screen Keyboard. Sticky/Repeat keys. Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys. Mouse keys. Gestures. Voice recognition.
High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.
Most desktops provide different themes that allow for easier viewing. A High Contrast theme provides solid colors (typically black and white) to make the display more distinctive.
Screen Reader.
A screen reader transmits whatever text is displayed on the computer screen into audio for a visually impaired user.
Braille Display.
A refreshable braille display or braille terminal is an electro-mechanical device for displaying braille characters.
Screen Magnifier.
Software that magnifies the screen, magnification usually occurs where ever the mouse is.
On-Screen Keyboard.
Keyboard that displays on the screen and can be used with the mouse.
Sticky/Repeat keys.
Sticky Keys is an accessibility feature of some graphical user interfaces to assist users who have physical disabilities or help users reduce repetitive strain injury .
Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys.
Slow Keys are a feature for people who have “heavy hands” when typing on a keyboard. Often they find that extra (unwanted) keys appear when they move their hands from one key to another and accidently press another key.
Mouse keys.
Mouse emulation with the number pad keys.
Gestures.
Gesture recognition is a type of perceptual computing user interface that allows computers to capture and interpret human gestures as commands.
Voice recognition.
Voice or speaker recognition is the ability of a machine or program to receive and interpret dictation or to understand and carry out spoken commands.
