106 User Interfaces and Desktops KT

Question 1

106.1 Install and configure X11

Answer 1

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
~/.xsession-errors
xhost
xauth
DISPLAY
X

Question 2

/etc/X11/xorg.conf

Answer 2

Xorg uses a configuration file called xorg.conf and files ending in the suffix .conf from the directory xorg.conf.d for its initial setup.

Question 3

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Answer 3

The /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ directory stores user-specific configuration.

Question 4

~/.xsession-errors

Answer 4

xsession-errors file is where the X Window system logs all errors that occur within the Linux graphical environment.

Question 5

xhost

Answer 5

Command: The xhost program is used to add and delete host names or user names to the list allowed to make connections to the X server.

xhost [[+-]name …]

Question 6

xauth

Answer 6

Command: The xauth program is used to edit and display the authorization information used in connecting to the X server.

xauth [ -f authfile ] [ -vqibn ] [ command arg … ]

Question 7

DISPLAY

Answer 7

Environment: DISPLAY to get the default host and display to use.

Question 8

X

Answer 8

The X Window System is a network transparent window system which runs on a wide range of computing and graphics machines.

Question 9

106.2 Graphical Desktops

Answer 9

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

KDE
Gnome
Xfce
X11
XDMCP
VNC
Spice
RDP

Question 10

KDE

Answer 10

KDE stands for K Desktop Environment. It is a desktop environment for Linux based operation system.

Question 11

Gnome

Answer 11

Gnome is a desktop environment for Linux based operation system. GNOME was originally an acronym for GNU Network Object Model Environment.

Question 12

Xfce

Answer 12

Xfce is a lightweight desktop environment for UNIX-like operating systems.

Question 13

X11

Answer 13

X11 is a network protocol designed for Unix and similar operating systems to enable remote graphical access to applications.

Question 14

XDMCP

Answer 14

XDMCP is a remote desktop protocol. This protocol is insecure and uses a large amount of bandwidth due to lack of compression.

Question 15

VNC

Answer 15

VNC is a graphical desktop sharing system that allows you to remotely control the desktop interface of one computer (running VNC Server) from another computer.

Question 16

Spice

Answer 16

The SPICE project aims to provide a complete open source solution for remote access to virtual machines in a seamless way.

Question 17

RDP

Answer 17

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection.

Question 18

106.3 Accessibility

Answer 18

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.
Screen Reader.
Braille Display.
Screen Magnifier.
On-Screen Keyboard.
Sticky/Repeat keys.
Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys.
Mouse keys.
Gestures.
Voice recognition.

Question 19

High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.

Answer 19

Most desktops provide different themes that allow for easier viewing. A High Contrast theme provides solid colors (typically black and white) to make the display more distinctive.

Question 20

Screen Reader.

Answer 20

A screen reader transmits whatever text is displayed on the computer screen into audio for a visually impaired user.

Question 21

Braille Display.

Answer 21

A refreshable braille display or braille terminal is an electro-mechanical device for displaying braille characters.

Question 22

Screen Magnifier.

Answer 22

Software that magnifies the screen, magnification usually occurs where ever the mouse is.

Question 23

On-Screen Keyboard.

Answer 23

Keyboard that displays on the screen and can be used with the mouse.

Question 24

Sticky/Repeat keys.

Answer 24

Sticky Keys is an accessibility feature of some graphical user interfaces to assist users who have physical disabilities or help users reduce repetitive strain injury .

Question 25

Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys.

Answer 25

Slow Keys are a feature for people who have “heavy hands” when typing on a keyboard. Often they find that extra (unwanted) keys appear when they move their hands from one key to another and accidently press another key.

Question 26

Mouse keys.

Answer 26

Mouse emulation with the number pad keys.

Question 27

Gestures.

Answer 27

Gesture recognition is a type of perceptual computing user interface that allows computers to capture and interpret human gestures as commands.

Question 28

Voice recognition.

Answer 28

Voice or speaker recognition is the ability of a machine or program to receive and interpret dictation or to understand and carry out spoken commands.