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ESWS (old) > 106. Navigation Fundamentals > Flashcards

106. Navigation Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the duties of the Officer of the Deck

A

Designated by the CO to be responsible for the safe and proper operation of the ship.

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2
Q

Explain the duties of the Conning Officer

A

Orders courses and engine orders to the Helmsman/Lee Helmsman.

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3
Q

Explain the duties of the Boatswain’s Mate of the Watch

A

Ensures all deck watch stations are manned

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4
Q

Explain the duties of the Helmsman/Lee Helmsman

A

Responsible for keeping the ship on course as directed by the Conning Officer.

Lee Helmsman is responsible for operating the engine order telegraph and relaying information from bridge to main control.

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5
Q

Explain the duties of the Lookouts

A

Responsible for reporting any contacts or objects in the water to the OOD

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6
Q

Explain the duties of the Quartermaster of the Watch

A

Assists the OOD in the safe navigation of the ship using all means of navigation, CelNav, Plotting, RadioNav

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7
Q

Define Latitude

A

Measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds NORTH or SOUTH of the equator. Cannot exceed 90 degrees in either direction.

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8
Q

Define Longitude

A

Measured the same way as latitude but EAST or WEST, or the Prime Meridian. Measured from 0 degrees to 180.

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9
Q

Define Set/Drift

A

Set: The direction of external forces tend to push a vessel (wind or current)

Drift: The velocity of the force measured in knots.

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10
Q

Define GMT/Coordinated Universal Standard Time

A

Time at 0 degrees longitude (Greenwich, England). Used as a reference in almanacs.

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11
Q

Define time zones

A

Each time zone is 15 degrees of longitude, there are 24 time zones and 25 designations.

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12
Q

Define variation/deviation

A

Variation: earth’s magnetic properties that deflect the compass.

Deviation: Amount the ship’s compass is deflected due to the effects of the ship’s iron.

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13
Q

Define IALA (A/B) Buoyage system

A

International Association of Lighthouse Authorities

A: Europe, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Most of Asia

B: The Americas, Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines

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14
Q

Define Cardinal system

A

Generally marks the geographical relationship to the aid of a hazard in terms of N/S/E/W

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15
Q

Discuss the different methods of attaining a ship’s position

A

Piloting: determine position by using landmarks. A fix is obtained by using two or more landmarks.

Dead Reckoning: projecting an intended course and speed from an unknown point.

Celestial: observing the sun, moon and stars to determine position.

Electronic Nav: using radar, GPS, etc

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16
Q

Define the purpose of range and channel markings

A

Range: buoys that mark distance to a certain point.

Channel: buoys used to mark safe water areas and traffic schemes

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17
Q

Define advance/transfer

A

Advance: the amount of distance on the original course until the ship is on the new course.

Transfer: amount of distance gained to the new course.

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18
Q

Define pivot point

A

A point on the ship’s centerline about which the ship turns when the rudder is put over

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19
Q

Define turning circle

A

The path of the ship’s pivot point when making a 360 degree turn.

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20
Q

Define true bearing

A

True direction (000-359 degrees)

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21
Q

Define relative bearing

A

Direction in relation to the ship with the bow representing 000 degrees.

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22
Q

Define DIW

A

Dead in Water, vessel not moving through water

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23
Q

Define head on

A

A vessel whose bow is pointed at your own ship’s bow.

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24
Q

Define crossing

A

A situation in which two vessels are sailing perpendicular to one another.

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25
Q

Define overtaking

A

A vessel astern (behind) another vessel maneuvering to pass ahead.

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26
Q

Define stand on

A

In a crossing situation this vessel does not stop. (Sees STBD light)

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27
Q

Define give way

A

In a crossing situation this vessel must stop. (Sees PORT light)

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28
Q

Define the emergency condition Collision

A

Two or more vessels on course to collide.

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29
Q

Define the emergency condition Allision

A

the striking of a vessel against a fixed object

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30
Q

Define the emergency condition Aground

A

When a vessel gets stuck passing through water that does not supports its draft.

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31
Q

Binoculars

A

Enhance vision of the user.

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32
Q

Stadimeter

A

Optical device used for estimating distance.

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33
Q

Sextant

A

Instrument used for measuring angular distances between objects. Used for taking altitudes in navigation.

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34
Q

Bearing circle

A

A ring that fits around a compass repeater. Used to determine bearing of an object.

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35
Q

Telescopic alidade

A

Optical device used for determining elevation and distance.

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36
Q

Parallel Motion Protractor (PMP)

A

Plotting tool used to plot course lines.

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37
Q

Parallel rulers

A

Plotting tool used to plot course lines.

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38
Q

Chart

A

Region of earth transposed on paper, used for plotting and voyage planning.

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39
Q

Gyrocompass

A

Nonmagnetic compass that points to true north.

40
Q

Magnetic compass

A

Compass that points to magnetic north

41
Q

Radar

A

Device that sends high frequency pulses, used to detect the distance, speed, and direction of objects.

42
Q

Fathometer

A

Used to measure depth to ocean bottom

43
Q

Satellite Navigation (SATNAV)

A

Satellite Navigation. Currently United States NAVSTAR (GPS) and Russian GLONASS are only globally operational navigation satellite systems.

44
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

Global Positioning System that provides location. Comprised of 24 satellites

45
Q

Laser Range Finder

A

Uses laser beam to determine distance of an object.

46
Q

Integrated Bridge System

A

Combination of systems that are interconnected to allow a centralized monitoring of various navigation tools.

47
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Underway

A

Masthead light fwd (white)

Masthead light aft (white)

PORT (red)

STBD (green)

Stern light (white)

48
Q

Define the following navigation light:

In port, moored

A

Deck lights illuminated

49
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Engaged in special operations

A

Red/White/Red vertical

50
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Man overboard

A

Same as Underway lights, plus flashing white light.

51
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Not under command

A

2 vertical red light

PORT & STBD lights

Stern light.

52
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Anchored

A

2 white lights (one fwd, one aft)

Deck illuminated

53
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Aground

A

3 vertical red lights

54
Q

Define the following navigation light:

Towing

A

1 yellow light above the stern light

55
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Vessel at anchor

A

One ball displayed

56
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Vessel not under any command

A

Two balls displayed

57
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Restricted in ability to maneuver

A

Blue diamond ball

58
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Constrained by draft

A

One cylinder displayed

59
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Vessel aground

A

Three balls displayed

60
Q

Describe the following day shape:

Towing

A

One diamond

61
Q

Flag used for refueling/ammo handling

62
Q

Flag used for Senior Officer Present Afloat

63
Q

Flag used for Personnel Recall

64
Q

Flag used for Boat Recall

65
Q

Flag used for Divers

66
Q

Flag used for personnel working aloft/over the side

67
Q

Flag used for Hazards of Electro-Magnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO)

68
Q

Flag used for Ready to Receive Ship Alongside

69
Q

Flag used for man overboard

70
Q

Flag used for anchoring

71
Q

Absentee pennants

A

ABSENCE OF OFFICIAL from this ship for a period of 72 hours or less. Use in port only.

72
Q

Church Pennant

A

Indicates that a religious service is in progress

73
Q

Define various low visibility sound signals and what they indicate

74
Q

Define gales

A

Strong winds 32-64 mph

75
Q

Define storms

A

Adverse weather conditions consisting of winds, rain, and restricted visibility

76
Q

Define hurricanes/typhoons

A

Hurricane: storm with a violent wind, typically in the Caribbean. Winds exceeding 64 mph

Typhoon: tropical storm occurring in the Indian or Western Pacific Ocean

77
Q

Define small craft

A

Warning issued when winds (around gale force) are expected to reach the coast within 12 hours

78
Q

Purpose of barometer

A

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure for weather forecasts.

79
Q

Purpose of psychrometer

A

Wet/Dry bulb thermometer, calculating the difference determines humidity

80
Q

Purpose of communication circuits

A

Various communication lines used to enable communication between the bridge and other key stations.

81
Q

Purpose of bull horn

82
Q

Purpose of telltale horn

A

Lightening panel used to energize ship’s lights.

83
Q

Discuss the functions of Voyage Management System

A

Cruise control or auto pilot of the ship.

84
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Golf

A

Guide ship

85
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Romeo at the dip

A

Steady on course and speed preparing to take you alongside/ready to come alongside.

86
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Romeo close up:

A

Ready for your approach/commencing approach

87
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Romeo hauled down

A

When messenger is in hand.

88
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Prep at the dip

A

Receiving ship only expect to disengage in 15 min.

89
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Prep close up

A

Replenishment completed. Disengaging at final station

90
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Prep hauled down

A

All lines clear

91
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Bravo at the dip

A

Temporarily ceased pumping/stopped receiving temporarily

92
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Bravo close up

A

Transferring fuel or explosives

93
Q

UNREP flag hoist signal:

Bravo hauled down

A

Delivery complete

94
Q

Define swing circle

A

A circle centered at the position of the anchor. Radius is equal to the sum of:

Length of ship + length of chain let out.

95
Q

Define drag circle

A

A circle centered at the position of the anchor with a radius equal to the sum of: hawse pipe to pelorous distance + length of chain let out. All fixes (position of ship) should fall within this circle.

ESWS (old) (7 decks)

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