104.1 Create partitions and filesystems Flashcards

1
Q

What does GPT stand for?

A

GUID Partition Table

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2
Q

How many partitions does GPT support?

A

128

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3
Q

What is the largest partition size GPT allows for?

A

1 ZB (zettabyte)

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4
Q

What does the GPT need to boot?

A

It needs UEFI to boot

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5
Q

What does this mean? /dev/sda1

A

This is the first partition of the sda drive.

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6
Q

What does a block device called “vdb” mean?

A

v: virtual hard disk
d: disk
b: second virtual disk

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7
Q

What is the command to create a legacy type MBR partition?

A
#fdisk  and then follow the wizard 
Example:
#fdisk /dev/sda
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8
Q

What does a block device called “sda” mean?

A

s: scsi
d: disk
a: first disk of the drive

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9
Q

What do you do after creating a legacy MBR partition?

A

You have to put a FS on it and then mount it

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10
Q

What commands lets you see the partitions?

A

fdisk -l

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11
Q

What is the command that creates partitions of MBR or GTP types?

A

parted and then follow the wizard

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12
Q

What are the partition IDs?

A

83: Standard Linux FS
82: Linux swap partitions
8e: Linux LVM Volumes

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13
Q

What commands can you use to find out what type of partitioning setup you have?

A
#lsblk
#fdisk   #fdisk /dev/sda
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14
Q

What is the command besides #parted is used to create GTP partitions on disks?

A

Besides #parted, you can use #gdisk and follow the wizard.

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15
Q

What utilities can be used to create swap partitions?

A
#fdisk > legacy type MBR partition
#gdisk > GTP partitions 
#parted >MBR or GTP types
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16
Q

What are the 2 ways in which swap memory can be created?

A

Using a swap file within the FS as swap space

17
Q

What is the downside of using a swap file as swap space?

A

A swap file represents a performance hit for the system since the kernel has to write the data to a file.

18
Q

What is the preferred fashion to create swap space?

A

Use a swap partition dedicated to swap space since it is less taxing in performance on the system.

19
Q

What are the common options used once inside the #gdisk wizard?

A
P to see the partitions
N to create a new partition
83: Standard Linux FS
82: Linux swap partitions
8e: Linux LVM Volumes
W to write the partition
20
Q

Once a swap partition is created, what has to be done next?

A

A swap FS has to be put into the partition and then turn on the partition

21
Q

What command is used to put a swap FS into a swap partition?

A
#mkswap -L  
(it formats the partition to be used as swap space)
#mkswap -L SWAP /dev/sda2
22
Q

How do you turn on or enable a swap partition after creating the partition and putting a FS on it?

A
#swapon -U (UUID) given in the output of the #mkswap command  
#swapon -L
23
Q

What command can you use to verify swap space is available?

A

free -m

24
Q

What file has to be modified so that a new swap partition can keep on between reboots?

A

/etc/fstab and add the label of the swap partition

25
Q

How do you turn off or disable a swap partition?

A
#swapoff -L 
Verify with #free -m it is gone.
26
Q

What are the categories of file systems?

A

Non-journaling and journaling.

27
Q

What is an example of a Non-journaling FS?

A

ext2

28
Q

What is an example of a journaling FS?

A

ext3, ext4, xfs

29
Q

What is a journaling FS?

A

A journaling FS uses a journal to keep track of changes that have not yet been written to the file system.

30
Q

What is the default FS for CentOS 7 and RHEL 7?

A

xfs

31
Q

What is BTRFS?

A

It writes a copy of an original file

32
Q

What does BTRFS use?

A

CoW (copy on write)
Subvolumes, which are similar to partitions.
Snapshots

33
Q

What does FAT stand for?

A

File Allocation Table

34
Q

What does vFAT stand for?

A

Virtual File Allocation Table (it allows for longer file names compared to the older FAT FS)

35
Q

What type of FS does an EFI boot partition need?

A

It needs to use a FAT partition.

36
Q

What type of a FS do external HDD and thumb drives use?

A

exFAT (developed by Microsoft)

37
Q

What is the FS that most modern Linux distros use?

A

ext4

38
Q

What commands do you use to create a new file system on a partition?

A
#mkfs -t ext4   or
#mkfs.ext4 -L    or
#mkfs.xfs -L