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GI > 103b esophagus pathology > Flashcards

103b esophagus pathology Flashcards

1
Q

dyspagia

A

difficultly swallowing

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2
Q

odynophagia

A

painful swallowing

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3
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

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4
Q

esophagus cell type and basal layer thickness

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

15% (<50% for papilla)

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5
Q

where are glands and lympahtics located in the esophagus?

A

submucosa

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6
Q

what is the z line?

A

GE junction b/w columnar epithelium of stomach and non-keratinized statified squadmos epi of esophagus

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7
Q

which is darker staining in the esophagus - smooth or skeletal muscle?

A

skeletal is darker

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8
Q

reflux esophagitis definition

A

inflammatory process
reflux of gastric/dueodenal contents
failure of anti-reflux mechanisms (not belching or vomiting)

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9
Q

predisposing factors for RE

symptoms of PE

A

hiatus hernia
pyloric stenosis
increased intraabdominal P
symptoms - heart burn, painful swallowing, bleeding

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10
Q

RE pathogenesis and complications

A

low LES tone
increased gastic empting time
antral gastritis
complications - ulcers, strictures, barrett’s esophagus

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11
Q

RE endoscopic findings

A

nothing 50% of time
hyperemia
white plaques from keratin formation

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12
Q

RE histo

A

basal cell hyperplasia
vascular papillae extension to surface
inflam. cels (PMNs, eosinophils)

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13
Q

Eosinophilic esophagitis morphology

A

> 15 intraepithelial eosinophils in 2 or HPF
25 in any HPF
lamina propria fibrosis

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14
Q

EoE presentation

A

majority have dysphagia with food getting stuck due to muscle dysfunction as a result of lamina propria fibrosis

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15
Q

EoE treatment

A

removal of allergic etiology

steroids

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16
Q

barrett’s esophagus definition

A

replacement of nonkeratinized (stratified) squamous epithelium with intestinal (nonciliated columnar) epithelium and goblet cells in the distal esophagus

17
Q

BE pathogenesis

A

GERD leads to ulcers which is replaced by stem cells turning into wrong type of cells

18
Q

BE complications

A

adenocarcinoma (glandular differentiation) in the distal esophagus

19
Q

what are the malignant cancers of the esophagus for the epithelium and mesenchyme

A

epi - adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

mesen - leiomyosarcoma

20
Q

what is the most common esophagus cancer in US? world? Where do these present?

A

US - adenocarcinoma (lower 1/3)

world - squamous cell (upper 2/3)

21
Q

Plummer-vinson syndrome

A

long term iron deficiency

dysphagia due to web-like memrbanes in upper esophagus

22
Q

tumor classification for esophagus

A 
t1 = submucosa
t2 = muccularis propria
t3= adventitia
t4= adjacent structures

GI (29 decks)

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