10.2 Extracellular Matrix Flashcards
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) form at least ____ different types of extracellular matrix molecules
3 types
Keratan sulfate
GAG molecule
Hyaluronic acid
the only simple GAG = single linear molecule
GAGs structure
A long sulfated polysaccharide composed of linked disaccharides
Proteoglycans
GAG side chains linked to a protein
Functions of GAGs:
- Space filling, water and salt balance
- Regulate extracellular protein function
- immobilize proteins, limiting range of activity
- bind proteins & prevent their activity
- store proteins for later release
- protect proteins
- concentrate proteins
Interaction with some GAGs alters ______ and proliferation.
cell development
Types of glycoproteins =
- Fibronectin
2. Laminin
Functions of glycoproteins
Many adhesion sites for fibers, GAGs and cell surface receptors
What type of extracellular matrix fibers would you expect to predominate in the connective tissue of underlying skin?
Elastin (fibrous extracellular matrix protein) forms elastic fibers. Elastin is abundant in tissue that stretches (skin, heart, arteries)
What type of transmembrane proteins are primarily responsible for the attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix?
Glycoproteins
-specifically Laminin
Degradation of the extracellular matrix happens by ______ and ______ .
matrix metalloproteases and serine proteases
Laminin
Abundant in and helps form the basal lamina. Recognized by epithelial and other cell integrins. Laminin supports and promotes cell attachment and migrations
Fibronectin
Abundant in connective tissues.
Collagens
Collagen fibers have the tensile strength of steel. There are about 20 types of collagen.
