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102 Anatomy > 102 Anatomy > Flashcards

102 Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are four main concepts of blood clotting?

A

Platelets, clotting factors, fibrin, and other cells

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2
Q

What is the job of platelets during clotting?

A

Stick and act as a plug

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3
Q

What is the job of clotting factors during clotting?

A

float by the tear and add onto the injury and web itself together, “like glue” to make the clot reinforce

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4
Q

What is the job of fibrin in clotting?

A

is also the web factor to create a stronger clot

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5
Q

What is the job of other cells during clotting?

A

reinforce and pull the clot together and make it stronger

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6
Q

What happens when the body no longer needs the clot?

A

the body naturally dissolves it

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7
Q

Define Tissue Deformation

A

Tissue is overloaded and tears

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8
Q

Define Macro trauma

A

acute, one time force of sufficient intensity and duration to cause injury(stress applied exceeds tissue tolerance limits)

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9
Q

What is ligament laxity?

A

loose or relaxed ligament

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10
Q

Define Micro trauma

A

from repetitive stress being applied to a tissue over time, may not cause damage first hit but over time cant handle, results in acute inflammatory phase, worse situation=chronic condition

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11
Q

Define a dynamic overload

A

most common injury for bone, lig., tendon, muscle, over load can result in acceleration or deceleration injury

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12
Q

define acceleration

A

body parts are stationary or moving slower than force

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13
Q

What is an example of acceleration?

A

Whiplash

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14
Q

Define Deceleration

A

tearing the anterior cruciate ligaments(stopping and going in different directions)

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15
Q

What are the two types of healing?

A

Repair & Regeneration

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16
Q

Which type of healing is more popular?

A

Repair

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17
Q

Define Regeneration

A

production of new tissues structurally and functionally identified to normal tissue(ideal healing)

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18
Q

Define Repair

A

replacement of lost damaged cells( scar tissue)

19
Q

Where do Vasoactive mediators come from?

A

plasma&damaged cells

20
Q

What are some examples of vasoactive mediators?

A

platelets, leukocytes, mast cells

21
Q

What are the main causes of the soft tissue inflammatory response?

A

platelets, leukocytes, mast cells

22
Q

What can the inflammatory responses look like?

A

redness, heat, swelling, color, pain, muscle spasm, dysfunction

23
Q

What are bradykinin, histamine, and prostaglandins in charge of?

A

sensitize pain receptors to make pain decrease(lower pain threshold)

24
Q

What do leukocytes do?

A

Migratory WBC’s, clean the wound

25
Q

What do the macrophages and granulocytes do?

A

debride the injured area of necrotic tissue, debris& foreign material within 24hr an continue acting for 2-5 days

26
Q

Why are the macrophages the central healing process?

A

Produce growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that modulate inflammation response

27
Q

during the early inflammatory phase what cleans the wound site?

A

neutrophils, macrophages, and leukocytes

28
Q

What process does neutrophils, macrophages, and leukocytes go through during inflammatory?

A

phagocytosis, destroying bacteria, denatured matrix, and damaged cells( after wound cleaned goes to next phase)

29
Q

What is scar formation called?

A

fibroplasia

30
Q

How long does scar tissue last?

A

4-6 weeks or longer

31
Q

Capillaries=more blood supply=increase oxygen=nutrients=healing

A

Keep up the good work!

32
Q

What contributes to a extracellular matrix during synthesis in a wound site?

A

collagen protein fiber, elastin, glycosaminoglycan’s and fluid

33
Q

What does hypertrophic scarring consist of?

A

normal scarring but with ecessie scarring and appears stretched

34
Q

Define Keloid scarring

A

overgrown, dense, fibrous tissue that spreads beyond wound margin(broad dull pink)

35
Q

What does S.A.I.D stand for?

A

specific adaptation imposed demand

36
Q

Primary intension

A

immediate suturing wound edges

37
Q

secondary intension

A

wound is allowed to heal itself with no suturing

38
Q

True or False, Does aging weaken the microcirculation and slow the metabolic rate?

A

True

39
Q

What is the main source of energy in healing?

A

glucose

40
Q

How long does the inflammatory phase last?

A

1-10 days

41
Q

How long does the proliferative phase last?

A

7-21 days

42
Q

How long does the remodelling phase last?

A

14 days-years

43
Q

What are the 4 phases of wound healing?

A

haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodelling

102 Anatomy (4 decks)

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