102 Anatomy

Question 1

What are four main concepts of blood clotting?

Answer 1

Platelets, clotting factors, fibrin, and other cells

Question 2

What is the job of platelets during clotting?

Answer 2

Stick and act as a plug

Question 3

What is the job of clotting factors during clotting?

Answer 3

float by the tear and add onto the injury and web itself together, “like glue” to make the clot reinforce

Question 4

What is the job of fibrin in clotting?

Answer 4

is also the web factor to create a stronger clot

Question 5

What is the job of other cells during clotting?

Answer 5

reinforce and pull the clot together and make it stronger

Question 6

What happens when the body no longer needs the clot?

Answer 6

the body naturally dissolves it

Question 7

Define Tissue Deformation

Answer 7

Tissue is overloaded and tears

Question 8

Define Macro trauma

Answer 8

acute, one time force of sufficient intensity and duration to cause injury(stress applied exceeds tissue tolerance limits)

Question 9

What is ligament laxity?

Answer 9

loose or relaxed ligament

Question 10

Define Micro trauma

Answer 10

from repetitive stress being applied to a tissue over time, may not cause damage first hit but over time cant handle, results in acute inflammatory phase, worse situation=chronic condition

Question 11

Define a dynamic overload

Answer 11

most common injury for bone, lig., tendon, muscle, over load can result in acceleration or deceleration injury

Question 12

define acceleration

Answer 12

body parts are stationary or moving slower than force

Question 13

What is an example of acceleration?

Answer 13

Whiplash

Question 14

Define Deceleration

Answer 14

tearing the anterior cruciate ligaments(stopping and going in different directions)

Question 15

What are the two types of healing?

Answer 15

Repair & Regeneration

Question 16

Which type of healing is more popular?

Answer 16

Repair

Question 17

Define Regeneration

Answer 17

production of new tissues structurally and functionally identified to normal tissue(ideal healing)

Question 18

Define Repair

Answer 18

replacement of lost damaged cells( scar tissue)

Question 19

Where do Vasoactive mediators come from?

Answer 19

plasma&damaged cells

Question 20

What are some examples of vasoactive mediators?

Answer 20

platelets, leukocytes, mast cells

Question 21

What are the main causes of the soft tissue inflammatory response?

Answer 21

platelets, leukocytes, mast cells

Question 22

What can the inflammatory responses look like?

Answer 22

redness, heat, swelling, color, pain, muscle spasm, dysfunction

Question 23

What are bradykinin, histamine, and prostaglandins in charge of?

Answer 23

sensitize pain receptors to make pain decrease(lower pain threshold)

Question 24

What do leukocytes do?

Answer 24

Migratory WBC’s, clean the wound

Question 25

What do the macrophages and granulocytes do?

Answer 25

debride the injured area of necrotic tissue, debris& foreign material within 24hr an continue acting for 2-5 days

Question 26

Why are the macrophages the central healing process?

Answer 26

Produce growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that modulate inflammation response

Question 27

during the early inflammatory phase what cleans the wound site?

Answer 27

neutrophils, macrophages, and leukocytes

Question 28

What process does neutrophils, macrophages, and leukocytes go through during inflammatory?

Answer 28

phagocytosis, destroying bacteria, denatured matrix, and damaged cells( after wound cleaned goes to next phase)

Question 29

What is scar formation called?

Answer 29

fibroplasia

Question 30

How long does scar tissue last?

Answer 30

4-6 weeks or longer

Question 31

Capillaries=more blood supply=increase oxygen=nutrients=healing

Answer 31

Keep up the good work!

Question 32

What contributes to a extracellular matrix during synthesis in a wound site?

Answer 32

collagen protein fiber, elastin, glycosaminoglycan's and fluid

Question 33

What does hypertrophic scarring consist of?

Answer 33

normal scarring but with ecessie scarring and appears stretched

Question 34

Define Keloid scarring

Answer 34

overgrown, dense, fibrous tissue that spreads beyond wound margin(broad dull pink)

Question 35

What does S.A.I.D stand for?

Answer 35

specific adaptation imposed demand

Question 36

Primary intension

Answer 36

immediate suturing wound edges

Question 37

secondary intension

Answer 37

wound is allowed to heal itself with no suturing

Question 38

True or False, Does aging weaken the microcirculation and slow the metabolic rate?

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is the main source of energy in healing?

Answer 39

glucose

Question 40

How long does the inflammatory phase last?

Answer 40

1-10 days

Question 41

How long does the proliferative phase last?

Answer 41

7-21 days

Question 42

How long does the remodelling phase last?

Answer 42

14 days-years

Question 43

What are the 4 phases of wound healing?

Answer 43

haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodelling