10.2 Flashcards
Salinity
The amount of salt dissolved in water
Does fresh water have salt
A very tiny amount
How much Merle salt is in salt water than fresh
200 times more salt
What’s the average salinity in all the worlds oceans
35 parts per thousand
Is the salinity high near the equator? Why?
Yes because of high rates of evaporation
Why would high rates of evaporation make the water saltier
When water in the ocean transforms into vapour in the air, it leaves the salt behind
Where else is there high salinity in the world? Why?
Near the North Pole and South Pole because when water freezes and changes state, it also leaves salt behind
Where is the salinity usually lower?why?
Near continents because the rivers empties into the ocean and dilutes the salt
How did oceans become salty?
The salt comes from the water that has been running off the land for millions of years
As the water runs off the land, it picks up materials from the rocks (called dissolved solids)
What’s another reason why the ocean became salty?
Underwater volcanic eruptions release large amounts of sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, and hydrogen
Eruptions on land release similar things which spew high into the atmosphere, these materials eventually fall into the oceans , or on the land which get carried to the ice a by run off
What 2 dissolved solids occur ,more than others
Sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-)
What does (Na+) and (Cl-) add up to
85% of all the dissolved solids in the ocean
Why’s happens when u combine (Na+) and (Cl-)
Form a compound called sodium chloride (NaCl)
What is the chemical name for salt.
(NaCl)
How do dissolved solids get mixed up in the ocean?
By the constant motion of water
