10.18 Psychiatric Disorders Flashcards
Psychiatric aetiology network
- Psychiatric aetiology is best understood as a complicated network
- An intervention in any sphere can achieve improvement in any other
- The biopsychosocial model is a simplified tool to help us diagnose and treat despite all this complexity
To what age does neurodevelopment take place
± 25 years
Interactions between brain and body
- endocrine
- immune
- metabolic
- brain-gut axis (micro-organisms in gut produces neurotransmitters that is transported to brain)
- systemic manifestation of psychiatric disease
- diet
- substances
- exercise
- sleep
How do you view the brain?
- That the brain cannot be viewed in isolation – part of a complex system which includes the psycho-social realm (the manifestations of brain function)
- All the relationships are bidirectional
Genetics that play a role in psych disorders
- some disorders have higher genetic components than others (depression very low)
- fam history very NB!
Define a polygenic disease
- many gene play role in disease
- not one single abnormal gene lead to disease
- some play bigger role than other
Define epigenetics
?
How many psych disorders are caused by chemical imbalance?
ZERO!!
Classify 4 neurotransmitters that influence psych disorders
- amino acids
- peptides
- biogenic amines
- acetyl choline
Amino acids
- Glutamic acid - excitatory
- GABA - inhibitory
Slide 45!!
Biogenic amines
- Nor-epinephrine
- Dopamine (plea
- Serotonin
Finish slide 45
How does some neurotransmitters link to psychiatric disorders
NOT CHEMICAL IMBALANCES
Psychosis
- dopamine
- glutamate
Mood
- noradrenaline
- serotonin
Anxiety
- noradrenaline
- serotonin
- dopamine
- gaba
- glytamate
Changes in which hormones can cause psychiatric disorders?
- Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormone
- Cortisol (stress)
- Neurotrophic factors (eg BDNF = brain derived neurotrophic factor)
- Testosterone
- Estrogen and progesterone
Which vitamins and metabolic deficiencies influences psychiatric disorders
Vitamins and minerals
- Vitamin B12 (looks similar to depression & anxiety)
- Thiamine (Vit B1)
- Vitamin D
- Folic acid
- Iron (anxiety)
Metabolic
- Glucose
- Sodium
