Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

10. Mental & Nervous System > 10.11.2 Intoduction > Flashcards

10.11.2 Intoduction Flashcards

1
Q

What are signs of LMN lesions?

A
  • Atrophy
  • fasciculations
  • decreased / absent reflexes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Signs of UMN lesions

A
  • brisk reflexes
  • spasticity
  • extensor plantar responses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Myotome

A
  • All the muscles innervated from one segment
  • E.G. C8 supplies most of the small hand muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dermatome

A
  • Area of skin which sends its sensory information to a particular segment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the innervations involved in the different reflexes?
Biceps
Triceps
Brachiorad
Knee reflex
Ankle reflex

A

Biceps - C5,6

Triceps- C7,8

Brachiorad- C5,6

Knee reflex- L3,4

Ankle reflex - S1,2

Involves sensory and motor nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define root signature

A

Combination of:
- all muscles of one root affected (eg the myotome)
- dermatome
- reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What nerve supplies hip flexion

A

L 2, 3
Iliopsoas muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What nerve supplies knee extension

A

L 3,4
Quadriceps muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What nerve supplies ankle dorsiflexion?

A

L5
also toe extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What nerve supplies ankle plantar flexion?

A

S12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brachial plexus nerve innervation

A

1. Musculocutaneous nerve - C5-C7

2. Axillary nerve - C5-C6

3. Radial nerve C5-T1

4. Median nerve - C6-T1

5. Ulnar nerve - C8-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Radiculopathy

A

Lesion / disorder of nerve root(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Plexopathy

A

Lesion / disorder of plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define Peripheral neuropathy

A

Lesion / disorder of peripheral nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Myopathy

A

Disorders of muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mononeuropathy
Define
Causes

A

Def Focal lesion of a single peripheral nerve

Causes
- Focal
- Wallerian degeneration (pathomechanism)
- Trauma
- Ischaemia

17
Q

Mononeuropathy multiplex
Define
Causes

A

Def - Involvement of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously or serially

Causes
- multifocal
- wallerian degeneration
- ischemia
- inflammation
- genetic

18
Q

Polyneuropathy
Define
Causes

A

Def - ± symmetric involvement of peripheral nerves

Causes
- diffuse
- “drying back” or wallerian degeneration
- inflammation
- genetic
- metabolic
- toxins
- infective

19
Q

2 main primary mechanisms for neuropathy

A

Axonal loss
- Commonest
- Large number of causes
- Usually irreversible / only partially reversible

Demyelination
- Uncommon
- Hereditary or inflammatory
—- Very important to recognize > reversible (inflammatory)
—- NB secondary axonal degeneration (=irreversible)

20
Q

Neuromuscular disorders
Peripheral nerve
Neuromuscular junction
Muscle

A

Peripheral nerve
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Plexus disorders

Neuromuscular junction
- Myasthenia gravis

Muscle
- Myopathies

10. Mental & Nervous System (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions