101 Flashcards
Scene Size-up
When approaching the scene Scene safety BSI precautions MOI or nature of illness # of pts Any additional resources
Initial Assessment
The process used to identify and treat life-threatening problems AVPU C-spine ABCs General impression Determine priority Medical or trauma?
Focused History and Physical Exam
MOI Rapid trauma or focused assessment? Assess chief complaint OPQRST if medical VS SAMPLE
Rapid Trauma Assessment
Use if significant MOI to find life threats Estimate the severity of injuries Re-consider your transport decision Reconsider ALS Baseline VS Rapid head to toe using DCAP-BTLS Sample
Rapid Medical Assessment
Used for medical pt w/ AMS or VPU on AVPU Used to rapidly find life threats Head to toe DACP-BTLS Baseline VS SAMPLE
Focused History and Physical Exam - Trauma
For pts w/ no sig MOI, no life threats
Instead of rapid trauma
Focus on the patient’s chief complaint
Focused History and Physical Exam - Medical
For medical pts w/ A on AVPU In place of your Rapid Medical Focus on the patient’s chief complaint using OPQRST Baseline VS SAMPLE history
Detailed Physical Exam
Builds on the Rapid Physical Exam
Not needed for most pts (time constraints or irrelevant)
Sig MOI or VPU
Head to toe DCAP-BTLS
Find & treat isolated and non-life-threatening problems that were not found in the Rapid Assessment
Further explore what you learned during the Rapid Assessment
Ongoing Assessment
During transport on all patients
Repeated every 15m for stable and every 5m for unstable
- Is the treatment improving the patient’s condition?
- Are any known problems getting better or worse?
- What is the nature of any newly identified problems?
Reassess mental status, ABCs, shift priorities, new VS, recheck interventions
MOI
Mechanism of Injury
CUPS
Critical, Unstable, Potentially Unstable, Stable
AVPU
A = awake, alert, and oriented V = alert to voice, but not oriented P = alert to painful stimuli only U = unresponsive to voice or painful stimuli
Critical
Patients either receiving CPR, in respiratory arrest, or requiring and receiving life sustaining ventilatory/circulatory support
Unstable
Poor general impression
Unresponsive with no gag or cough reflexes
Potentially Unstable
Responsive but unable to follow commands Difficulty breathing Pale skin or other signs of poor perfusion (shock) Complicated childbirth Uncontrolled bleeding Severe pain in any area of the body Severe chest pain, especially with a systolic BP of less than 100 mmHg Inability to move any part of the body
Stable
Minor illness, minor isolated injury, uncomplicated extremity injuries, and/or any patient that cannot be categorized as Critical, Unstable, or Potentially unstable.
For CUP…
Scene size up, initial assessment, rapid assessment, and transport
For S….
Scene size up, initial assessment, focused assessment, and transport
DCAP-BTLS
Deformities Contusions Abrasions Punctures/Penetrations Burns Tenderness Lacerations Swelling
SAMPLE
Signs & Symptoms Allergies Medications Pertinent past history Last oral intake Events leading up to the illness/injury
OPQRST
O = onset P = provocation Q = quality R = radiation S = severity T = time
Significant MOIs
Vehicle-pedestrian collision
Motorcycle crash
Death in the same passenger compartment
High-speed vehicle collision
Medium speed vehicle collision (infants and children)
Roll-over of vehicle
Falls greater than 20 feet (adults)
Ejection from vehicle
Falls greater than 10 feet (infants and children)
Bicycle collision
Penetrations of the head, chest, or abdomen (infants and children)
