101-151

Question 1

If college graduates typically earn more money than high school graduates, this would indicate that level of education and income are:
A. Casually related
B. Positively correlated
C. Negatively correlated
D. Unrelated

Answer 1

B. Positively correlated

Question 2

A researched who observes a strong negative correlation between income and mental illness would conclude that:
A. Being poor causes mental illness
B. Having wealth makes one resistant to mental illness
C. Those with lower incomes tend to suffer from higher rates of mental illness and those with higher incomes tend to suffer from lower rates of mental illness.
D. Lower income levels lead to lower levels of mental illness

Answer 2

C. Those with lower incomes tend to suffer from higher rates of mental illness and those with higher incomes tend to suffer from lower rates of mental illness.

Question 3

A test producing the same results from one time to another is to a test measuring what it is supposed to as _____ is to ______.
A. Validity; reliability
B. Reliability; validity
C. Reliability; standardization
D. Standardization; reliability

Answer 3

B. Reliability; validity

Question 4

Which of the following are measures of central tendency?
A. Standard error of measurement and standard deviation
B. Median and mode
C. Range and variance
D. Stanine and percentile

Answer 4

B. Median and mode

Question 5

Which of the following pairs correctly described forms of reliability?
A. Equivalence and internal consistency
B. Stability and concurrent
C Internal consistency and construct
D. Concurrent and construct

Answer 5

A. Equivalence and internal consistency

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE of testing people with disabilities?
A. Test scores administered under standardization and modified conditions are typically equivalent
B. General agreement exists on how tests should be modified for people with disabilities
C. There exists a need for growing body of research related to the equivalency between tests administered under standardized and modified conditions
D. Both B and C

Answer 6

D. Both B and C

Question 7

Which of the following is the best approach to minimizing or eliminating test bias?
A. Creating separate norm groups for different groups against whom the test is thought to be biased
B. Having a panel of experts review the test items before standardizing the test
C. Pre-screening examiners to be used in the standardization process for any possible prejudicial feelings
D. Screening test items for possible bias

Answer 7

A. Creating separate norm groups for different groups against whom the test is thought to be biased

Question 8

Multiple choice items like those found on the NCE tap skills primarily of:
A. Organization
B. Planning
C. Recognition
D. Recall

Answer 8

C. Recognition

Question 9

An intelligence quotient (IQ) is based on:
A. Chronological age/metal age x 100
B. Chronological age/metal age + 100
C. Mental age/chronological age + 100
D. Mental age/chronological age x 100

Answer 9

D. Mental age/chronological age x 100

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an intelligence test?
A. WISC-IV
B. WAIS-III
C. MMPI-II
D. WPPSI-III

Answer 10

C. MMPI-II

Question 11

MMPI-A and CPI are to _______ as Rorscach and TAT are to _____.
A. Interest inventories; subjective tests
B. objective tests; interest inventores
C. Objective tests; standardized tests
D. Objective tests; subjective tests

Answer 11

D. Objective tests; subjective tests

Question 12

The Rorscach, TAT, and Rotters Incomplete Sentences are all:
A. Projective tests
B. Observational tests
C. Rating scales
D. Standardized personality tests

Answer 12

A. Projective tests

Question 13

One of the major criticisms of projective tests is that they:
A. Have too many questions
B. Are too subjective
C. Are too structured
D. Take too much time to administer

Answer 13

B. Are too subjective

Question 14

A counselor may decide to administer a number of personality tests in order to:
A. Better understand the client
B. Predict future performance
C. Evaluate the outcomes of counseling
D. All of the above

Answer 14

D. All of the above

Question 15

The key difference between ipsative scales and normative scales is that ipsative scales:
A. All the counselor to make comparisons among individuals
B. Provide information about an individual
C. Include achievement and aptitude tests
D. Have been standardized and normed

Answer 15

B. Provide information about an individual

Question 16

Jennifer a Brandon High School graduating senior, took the Geneva Advanced Placement test in mathematics and earned 177 points out of a total of the 200 points. This score means that Jennifer did as well or better than:
A. 86% of the entering freshman at Coolridge Community College
B. 73% of college students majoring in mathematics
C. 89% of the graduating seniors at Glenbook High school
D. 77% of the mathematics team members from Highland High School

Answer 16

C. 89% of the graduating seniors at Glenbook High school

Question 17

Terry’s average score per basketball game is 27 points. This places him sixth among all the forwards in the Midwest basketball league. The level of measurement described in this example is:
A. Ordinal
B. Ratio
C. Interval
D. Nominal

Answer 17

A. Ordinal

Question 18

A researcher reports a correlational coefficient of -.43 between the amount of television viewing the by children and the number of times these children are on the honor roll at school. This means:
A. Too much television viewing causes students grades to be low
B. There is a moderately negative relationship between how much television a child watches and how often her or his grades are high enough to earn a position on the honor roll
C. There is very little relationship between how much television a child watches and how often her or his grades are high enough to earn a position on the honor roll
D. The more television a child watches, the more often the child’s grades are high enough to earn a position on the honor roll

Answer 18

B. There is a moderately negative relationship between how much television a child watches and how often her or his grades are high enough to earn a position on the honor roll

Question 19

A counselor wants to make sure that the test she is using provides the same scores for people when they retake the test a month later. What should the counselor look for when reviewing the test manual?
A. Alternate or parallel-forms reliability
B. Split-half reliability
C. Scorer reliability
D. Test-retest reliability

Answer 19

D. Test-retest reliability

Question 20

When applying to to graduate school, the admissions committee compares the candidate’s scores on the GRE with the candidates grade point address reported on the college transcripts. This is an example of:
A. Construct validity
B. Content validity
C. Criterion-related validity
D. Concurrent validity

Answer 20

C. Criterion-related validity

Question 21

Only ____ permits a researcher to identify case and effect.
A. A correlation study
B. An experiment
C. A survey
D. Naturalistic observation

Answer 21

B. An experiment

Question 22

A hypothesis is:
A. A defense mechanism
B. A testable prediction
C. A conclusion based on data
D. None of the above

Answer 22

B. A testable prediction

Question 23

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the individuals running the study know which subjects are in the control group and which are in the experimental group until after the results are tallied is called a ______ study.
A. Single-blind
B. Placebo
C. Double-blind
D. Confounded

Answer 23

C. Double-blind

Question 24

A researcher wants to conduct a study looking at the effects of systematic desensitization on agoraphobia. In this case, the independent variable is _______ and the dependent variable is ______.
A. Agoraphobia; systematic desensitization
B. Systematic desensitization; agoraphobia
C. Systematic desensitization; group effects
D. None of the above

Answer 24

B. Systematic desensitization; agoraphobia

Question 25

A researcher reports that p <.05 in his study. This means:
A. There is a less than 5% probability that the results obtained are in error.
B. There is a greater than 95% chance the results obtained are accurate.
C. There is less than 5% probability that the results are accurate.
D. There is a greater than 95% chance that the results obtained are in error.

Answer 25

B. There is a greater than 95% chance the results obtained are accurate.

Question 26

If a researcher wants to rule out any chances of error, a statistical level of significance needed would be:
A. p <.05
B. p <.01
C. p <.001
D. p <.10

Answer 26

A. p <.05

Question 27

A type I error is to ______ as a Type II error is to _____.
A. Accepting the null hypothesis when it is false; rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
B. Accepting the null hypothesis when it is true; rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
C. Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true; accepting the null hypothesis when it is true.
D. Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true; accepting the null hypothesis when it is false.

Answer 27

D. Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true; accepting the null hypothesis when it is false.

Question 28

One way to reduce Type I and Type II errors is to:
A. Increase sample size
B. Decrease sample size
C. Increase the levels of significance
D. Decrease the level of significance

Answer 28

A. Increase sample size

Question 29

If a researcher who found a negative correlation between the amount of TV viewing done by children and academic performance were to graph her results, she would use a:
A. Normal bell curve
B. Positively skewed curve
C. Scatterplot
D. Negatively skewed curve

Answer 29

C. Scatterplot

Question 30

A t-score has a mean of ____ and a standard deviation of _______
A. 100; 15
B. 10; 2
C. 50; 15
D. 50; 10

Answer 30

D. 50; 10

Question 31

A person received a t-score of 40. This means:
A. Her score fell one standard deviation below the mean
B. Her score is very low
C. There is an error because you can’t get a t-score of 40
D. Her score is higher than average

Answer 31

A. Her score fell one standard deviation below the mean

Question 32

A confound study is one in which:
A. There is a wide range of scores
B. There is a random sample
C. There are undesirable variables as part of the experiment
D. Undesirable variables are eliminated

Answer 32

C. There are undesirable variables as part of the experiment

Question 33

Behavior changing as a result of just being apart of an experiment is to the _______ as believing that someone with an extensive vocabulary is better at communicating is to the ______.
A. Halo effect; Rosenthal effect
B. Hawthorne effect; Rosenthal effect
C. Hawthorne effect; halo effect
D. Placebo effect; Rosenthal effect

Answer 33

C. Hawthorne effect; halo effect

Question 34

The best kind of random sampling technique that would include 10% Asian, 10% Hispanic, and 15% African American, as well as individuals from the majority ethnic group, would be a:
A. Mixed randomized sampling technique
B. Stratified sampling technique
C. Cluster sampling technique
D. Random chance sampling technique

Answer 34

B. Stratified sampling technique