100 Years War/Black Deathg Flashcards
What caused the spread of the plague from person to person?
The fleas carrying the disease on rats
What people group brought the rats to Europe on boats spreading the plague?
the Mongols
What was the bubonic plague?
Spread by rats
What was the pneumonic plague?
Air Born version of the plague
What was the septicemic plague?
Had 100% mortality rate. not common
How many people died during the plague?
About 2.5 million people in Europe
How did art change because of the plague?
Artists began to depict more morbid scenes with death and actual Death
How did people’s attitude change toward their life?
Secularization became common (people thought that God sent the plague and church could not help); people became more free living and living in the moment (drinking, sex)
How did the cities’ attitude towards cleanliness affect the spread of the plague?
People immune systems were not strong because the hygiene in cities was poor. Also before the plague there was a famine that caused malnutrition.
How did the plague worsen the image of women?
Women, who were thought poorly of, were somewhat blamed for the plague and people burned some as witches
What other people group was blamed for the plague?
The Jews
What was the major cause for the war?
The Capetians of France had no male heir and the closest male relative was Edward II of Britain. The French did not want an Englishman as their king so they refused and put Philip VI on the throne.
What was the region in France that was controlled by English?
Gascony
What was the main component of the French army?
Heavily armed knights
Which was better the long bow or crossbow?
Long bow
What was the main component of the English army?
Citizen men who could fight; also bowmen
What was England major problem while fighting in France?
They didn’t have enough food so men were getting sick and dying.
How did the English combat their supply issue?
The black knight led raids into towns to destroy and loot them.
What was the cause of the second phase of the war?
Henry V invaded France because they were in the midst of civil war and the king was crazy.
Which two regions were fighting for control of France?
Burgundy and Orleans
Describe the battle of Agincourt
The English archers lined up between to forests so French could not flank them. The French charged but the English archers easily picked them off.
Who was proposed by the French for king after the crazy king?
Charles the dauphin
Who is Joan of Arc?
A peasant girl who had a vision to help Charles and drive out English
Who turned Joan over the British?
The Burgundians
What did the English Inquisition do with Joan?
They burned her for heresy
Describe the effects that all countries had because of the war?
really expensive so taxes were raised (scrutage was common for kings)
What was scrutage?
Scrutage is the act of hiring professional soldiers
What were the groups of powerful nobility called?
factions
What was the problem with factions?
They couldn’t all agree on one king
