100 on this, 100 on test ;) Flashcards
Who were the suffragists?
Women’s suffrage societies – groups who campaigned for the right to vote
What caused WW1? Nationalism, Imperialism and Militarism
Imperialism defenition: the practice of extending power and domination
Nationalism: Pride for their own country made people willing to fight for their country’s honour and prove that they were the best. As lands became less available, arguments began to develop about the ownership of some lands (the arguments threatened to erupt war).
Imperialism: Countries wanted to extend their nation’s rule over foreign nations, to gain additional wealth, power, and control.
Militarism: The large standing armies were ready to settle disputes if negotiations failed because they wanted to try out their new military weapons that they were creating.
What finally tipped the scale? What was the spark?
and what date did ww1 start
Alliances formed between countries was what tipped the scale and the spark was Death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
which led to Austria-Hungary’s to send a list of impossible demands leading to the declaration of war against Serbia,
July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918
What is the Chain of Friendship? Diagram. Name the six countries involved. Why is one of the countries represented by a child? How is it ironic?
The “Chain of Friendship” is the alliance created by the countries, so the chain can’t be broken, if one country gets pulled into war, they all do. it was ironic because it was meant to prevent ww1 but ended up causing it
Serbia, Russia, France, Britain, Austria-Hungary, Germany
Serbia is represented as a child because they are a weaker country compared to the others.
It is ironic because it was supposed to reduce war, but it basically created war.
What did men do when war broke out? In Canada
spontaneous parades of young men who were fighting to enlist. When war was finally declared crowds went crazy, flinging hats and umbrellas into the air.
What is meant by the war will be over by Christmas? How did it change men’s attitudes for enlisting?
It means that with modern warfare technology, people will die at fast rates which will result in the war being over quickly. Men rushed to the recruiting offices fearing that the war would be all over before they could get into action.
Trench Diagram and conditions Trench Foot, lice, rats Why were trenches needed?
Trench foot- condition where because of the constant water, your foot rotted and skin peeled off
Rats,Lice- tons of rats and lice were in the war and soldiers would use lighters to remove lice under the weaves of their clothing
Trenches- They were needed because of the dangers of war, Trenches were made to protect soldiers from instantly being killed by warfare.
What happend at Vimy Ridge
and How did it change National Identity
The french and the British had tried to attack the ridge but had failed therefore the Canadians were brought in to take care of the ridge. Arthur Curry the Canadian commander developed innovative battle tactics and plans to defeat the Germans.
The Battle of Vimy Ridge began at 5:30 a.m. on Easter Monday, April 9, 1917. es
Not sure if this is correct but it made Canada appear as a more suitable or stronger country for warfare and gained lots of respect.
Who was General Arthur Curry? What Innovations did he develop?
General Arthur Currie-Canadian Corps commander Lieutenant.
- every solider knew what the plan was
- weeks of rehersal
creeping barrage to attack Vimy
Leapfrogging of troops to rest troops during battle
2nd Battle of Ypres why is this significant to Canada?
and what happend
and what date
This was Canada’s first major battle.
- It showed the rest of the world how tough we were.
- In the face of terror we stood our ground while others ran.
Canadians held their line and fought to hold the line that was left by the retreating French.
April 1915
What does urine do to chlorine gas?
counteracts the gas
Conscription Crisis
Why was conscription needed?
and what is conscription
It was needed as many men were dying and the recruitment in Canada was struggling.
conscription, which is a law that says if you are able to fight, you have to fight.
How did Borden help the suffragist cause?
Bordon gave the vote to women who had a male family member in the war. Union government’s way of trying to win the conscription crisis vote
WW1 Technology – Aircraft, tanks, flamethrowers etc.
what was the most effective weapon for trench warfare?
Describe the early tanks
what were aircrafts used for at first?
Artillery
most effective weapon for trench warfare, racked up the most kills.
Used for blowing up enemy trenches and destroying enemy mortars and barbed wire.
Aircrafts
Early on were only used for reconnaissance
quickly evolved as teh war went on, going faster higher, and carrying mounted guns and bombs.
Tanks
Early tanks were slow and awkward, carrying machine guns and cannons
Used to break though no man’s land and stop the stalemate
The Renault FT‑17 was built by the French and was the staple tank, it was the first to feature a revolving turret
Flame thrower
Terror weapon
shot out burning fuel
You were a big target while using it for infantry
the cylinder could explode on you
it sometimes took multiple men to operate
Why were the Canadians at the forefront of the attacks?
Because of the reputations they earned from the previous battles, they were planned to be deployed at the forefront
What is the meaning of shock troops?
Canada’s army on the Western Front had a very strong reputation by the summer of 1918, four years into the Great War. Its soldiers were recognized as “shock troops,” men who would carry out the hard tasks and fulfill their objectives.
What did the Germans think was going to happen when they saw Canadians forming up in front of them?
That a major surprise attack was coming and it did but where they least expected - check with this
What was the Black Day for the German Army?j
Canada was suppose to attack in france and Canadian troops were shifted from north to Ypres, Belgium which made the germans think a big attack was coming but they secretly hurried back to the amiens for the real attack which advanced 20 km in three days. The attack had no pre artilleray which usually warned that a suprise attack was coming and the germans were taken by suprise. This breakthrough was named “black day” by a german high commander.
And because they knew they were toast and they we’re giving up
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
An agreement that ended ww1 between Germany and the Allied powers which put Germany in debt because they were the cause for all the mass destruction
List 2 things the treaty demanded of Germany
Germany had to cut its army to 100,000 men
- Germany had to accept the blame for starting the war. (imporant)
- Germany had to pay $31.4 billion in reparations.
Germany had to make substantial concessions which is to give lands gained before and during the war.
-they could only retain 6 dreadknoght battle ships and no submarines or airforce
6
- the Rhineland had to be demilitarized (no german forces allowed)
- exclusion from league of nations
Why did France hate Germany so much?
They had many battles in the past and rivalries
What was the War Guilt Clause?
Germany had to accept sole responsibility for causing the war and, had to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions and pay heavy reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers.
Who wasUlrich Graf von BrockdorffRantzau and why was he so angry?
Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff‑Rantzau: Foreign Minister and was german and He was angry because only Germany was blamed for the war, even though other countries played a big role in the damage done by the war.
How did Canada benefit from fighting in the war?
Gained respect
Their contributions and sacrifices earned Canada a separate signature on the Treaty of Versailles.
Historical Significance, Continuity and Change, Cause and Consequence and Historical Perspective
Historical significance: historians study this to understand why current people care about history, people items, and events have historical significance if they shed light on time period in which they exist
Continuity and change: describing what has changed and what has continued over history
Cause and consequence: Exams how or why certain conditions and actions lead to others
Historical perspective: Understanding the past from past from different povs is important because it gives u a different take on an historical event or situation
Will bryce talk about my cute cards in class and let everyone know?
no he will not on god
define these terms
Facism
patriot
Nationalism
Militarism
Imperalism
Facism - Fascism is a right-wing form of government in which most of the country’s power is held by one ruler.
Patriot - to love and fight for your country
Nationalism- people thought their country was the best
Militarism- the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
Know the Trench cross section diagram
