10: The Self Flashcards
What is self-esteem? What are the two types?
Amount of value people place on themselves.
Global self-esteem: feelings about your value overall.
Multidimensional self-esteem: refers to specific components (academic, verbal, physical ability, etc).
What is an example of a measurement for global self-esteem? Multidimensional?
Global: Rosenburg Self-Esteem Scale.
Multidimensional: SDQ-III.
Self-esteem is best characterized as a characteristic adaptation. Provide three reasons for this.
Malleable (can be trained and learned).
Contextualized within specific situations, social roles (varies across situations).
Changes across lifespan.
What was the goal of the self-esteem movement in the 1980s and 90s?
Research suggested high self-esteem is good, actions taken to boost self-esteem in children as much as possible.
List three reasons for the fall of the self-esteem movement.
High self-esteem appears more a consequence of academic success than cause of academic success.
Bullies found to have higher self-esteem.
Aside from enhanced initiative (approach behaviours) and increases in pleasant feelings, increasing self-esteem doesn’t seem to be good therapeutic target.
What was found in a study revolving around intelligence praise and effort praise?
Effort praise increased the number of problems solved, intelligence praise decreased the number.
Just considering high vs. low levels of global self-esteem is insufficient. There are other aspects of self-esteem worth considering. What are they?
Stable vs. unstable.
Implicit vs. explicit.
A study pertaining to hassles level and stable vs. unstable self-esteem found what?
Hassles can spike depression scores in those with unstable self-esteem, whereas they do not seem to affect those with stable self-esteem.
What are the findings of the Initial Preference Task?
People with positive implicit self-esteem rate own initials as more positive relative to other letters.
In the past, self-esteem has typically been measured using self-report scales. This kind of self esteem is often referred to as what?
Explicit, associated with conscious and deliberative processes.
What is implicit self-esteem?
Automatic, nonconscious evaluation of self that guides spontaneous reactions to self-relevant stimuli.
What two measures are most common to measure implicit self-esteem?
Implicit Association Task.
Name Letter (Birthday Number) Preference Task.
In the first critical block of the Implicit Association Task, people with high implicit self-esteem typically do what? Why?
Reaction time will be faster.
Easy to associate the self with positive things.
In the second critical block of the Implicit Association Task, people with high implicit self-esteem typically do what? Why?
Reaction time will be slower.
Hard to associate self with negative things.
Those low in implicit self-esteem but high in explicit self-esteem have what kind of self-esteem? What is positively associated with it?
Defensive self-esteem.
Narcissism, defensive in-group behaviour, increased prejudice, unrealistic optimism.
