1: McAdams’ Model of Personality Flashcards
What are the five components of personality psychology, per McAdams & Pals (2006)?
Human Nature: The Evolved General Design.
Dispositional Traits.
Characteristic Adaptations.
Integrative Life Narratives.
Culture: Meaning Systems and Practices.
Defined “Evolved General Design.” At this level, what is focused on?
Human lives are individual variations on a general evolutionary design.
At this level, we focus on commonalities among all humans.
Evolved General Design contains two components. What are they?
Natural selection: traits that promote reproductive success and survival predominate in the course of evolution.
Environment of Evolutionary Adaptiveness: hypothesized world of the Pleistocene epoch where humans evolved and human nature was established.
What are the seven basic emotions?
Joy.
Surprise.
Contempt.
Sadness.
Anger.
Disgust.
Fear.
The capacity to experience and recognize a certain subset of emotions appears to be _____.
Biologically inherited.
The cultural intelligence hypothesis assumes what two things?
Social learning is more efficient than individual exploration and learning, and that individuals in practice tend to rely on social learning to acquire skills.
Hermann et al. (2007) gave a battery of cognitive and social tests to human children ages ~2.5, orangutans, and chimpanzees. What were the results?
Human children had a specific advantage in the social realm.
Our reliance on social learning is what?
Evolutionarily adaptive.
Define “dispositional traits.”
Broad dimensions of personality that describe assumedly internal, global, and stable individual differences in behaviour, thought, and feeling.
Traits are _____, and account for a person’s _____ across different situations and over time.
Stable; consistency.
Jane is very punctual, self-disciplined, and organized. This is an example of which personality trait?
Conscientiousness.
What are characteristic adaptations?
Particular facets of personality that describe personal adaptations to motivational, cognitive, and developmental challenges/tasks.
Characteristic adaptations are usually contextualized in what?
Time, place, situation, or social role.
Characteristic adaptations typically require what two things?
Input or adaptation to the external social world.
Relatively consistent responses whenever a person is put into a similar situation.
What are life stories, within the context of personality psychology?
Internalized, evolving narratives of self that people construct to integrate the past, present, and future and provide life with sense of unity, purpose, meaning.
